Techniques, devices and systems use pseudo-conductor materials as antennas to receive or radiate electromagnetic energy for communications and other applications. Methods of configuring an antenna can include, in some implementations, selecting a pseudo-conductor material having an electromagnetic constitutive property, wherein the electromagnetic constitutive property comprises a real part of the electromagnetic constitutive property that is greater than a corresponding imaginary part of the electromagnetic constitutive property; and forming the pseudo-conductor material into an antenna shape configured, upon being excited, to radiate emissions that satisfy a predefined antenna performance, such that the pseudo-conductor material formed in the antenna shape weakly guides an electromagnetic wave on the pseudo-conductor material using a leaky mode that is below cutoff to establish a field structure to radiate the emissions from the pseudo-conductor material that satisfy the antenna performance.

Pseudo-conductor antennas

The constant evolution of wireless handheld devices together with the apparition of multiple wireless communication systems fosters the antenna community to design new radiating and measurements systems capable of satisfying the market demands. It is an object of the present paper to provide an overview of the evolution that wireless handheld technology has experienced in the last years. In this sense, a description of the evolution of wireless handheld devices, regulations, challenges in today’s smartphones, and handset characterization is reviewed. Finally, recent advances in antenna technology for wireless handheld or portable devices are presented.

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Advances in Antenna Technology for Wireless Handheld Devices

A radio frequency transmission apparatus includes a first elongated antenna element having a first feed end and a first aperture end. A second elongated element has a second feed end and a second aperture end. The second feed end is coupled to the first feed end. The first and second elongated antenna elements are positioned relative to each other to render a separation between the first antenna element and the second antenna element to increase from the first and second feed ends to the first and second aperture ends. The first and second antenna elements comprise pseudo-conductor material having an electromagnetic constitutive property having a real part greater than the corresponding imaginary part of the electromagnetic constitutive property.

Magnetic pseudo-conductor conformal antennas

A small-size coupled-fed loop antenna suitable to be printed on the system circuit board of the mobile phone for penta-band WWAN operation (824-960/1710-2170 MHz) is presented. The loop antenna requires only a small footprint of 15 x 25 mm2 on the circuit board, and it can also be in close proximity to the surrounding ground plane printed on the circuit board. That is, very small or no isolation distance is required between the antenna's radiating portion and the nearby ground plane. This can lead to compact integration of the internal on-board printed antenna on the circuit board of the mobile phone, especially the slim mobile phone. The loop antenna also shows a simple structure; it is formed by a loop strip of about 87 mm with its end terminal short-circuited to the ground plane and its front section capacitively coupled to a feeding strip which is also an efficient radiator to contribute a resonant mode for the antenna's upper band to cover the GSM1800/1900/UMTS bands (1710-2170 MHz). Through the coupling excitation, the antenna can also generate a 0.25-wavelength loop resonant mode to form the antenna's lower band to cover the GSM850/900 bands (824-960 MHz). Details of the proposed antenna are presented. The SAR results for the antenna with the presence of the head and hand phantoms are also studied.

On-Board Printed Coupled-Fed Loop Antenna in Close Proximity to the Surrounding Ground Plane for Penta-Band WWAN Mobile Phone

Antenna system with receiver diversity and tunable matching circuit

We have proposed the inverted-FL antenna with a self-complementary structure. The proposed antenna realized a constant impedance property without attaching a matching load to the feed point even if it has finite structure. This antenna acquired the broadband and multi-band characteristics necessary for the required mobile phone services.

Inverted-FL antenna with self-complementary structure

An antenna device includes a dielectric that has a first and a second substantially planar surfaces facing in substantially opposite directions. An inverted-L antenna is disposed at a side of the dielectric. A first conductive member forms a first loop that has a first gap. A planar side of the first loop is disposed facing the first substantially planar surface of the dielectric. A second conductive member forms a second loop that has a second gap. A planar side of the second loop is disposed facing the second substantially planar surface of the dielectric. Each of the first and second conductive members includes a plurality of member components and a plurality of switches, and each of the plurality of switches are provided between two adjacent member components to allow the plurality of member components to be electrically conducted or cut off.

Antenna device, and wireless communication apparatus having the same

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a compact antenna device of variable directivity capable of obtaining a desired directivity at a plurality of frequenciesSOLUTION: The antenna device comprises a feed element having a feeding point, a plurality of passive elements arranged around the feed element, a plurality of lines provided for respective passive elements and having reactances different from each other, a switch for switching the lines connected with respective passive elements, and variable capacitance elements connected with respective lines

Antenna device, and wireless communication device

A self complementary antenna is provided to change the antenna length and activate antenna in the low frequency band by coupling the antenna conductor of the inversed-L shape with the antenna conductor of the magnetism complementation antenna inverted-F shape. The grounded conductor(30) is arranged having the antenna conductor(20) and the regular interval. The feed point(50) delivers in the antenna conductor. The merge point(60) connects the antenna conductor and grounded conductor. The grounded conductor comprises the notch position(40) of the shape corresponding to the shape of the antenna conductor. The predetermined shape is formed with the inverted F shape. The feed point is installed at one end part of the first branch of the antenna conductor of the inverted F shape and the second quarter.

Self complementary antenna

In this paper, the authors describe the miniaturization design of an inverted-L antenna. This design is realized an inverted-L antenna with split-ring resonator (SRR) structures.

Hasegawa Minoru

Papers

Inverted-FL antenna with self-complementary structure

Antenna device, and wireless communication apparatus having the same

Antenna device, and wireless communication device

Self complementary antenna

Inverted-L antenna with split-ring resonator structures