A survey on smart grid technologies and applications

Smart grid has modernized the way electricity is generated, transported, distributed, and consumed by integrating advanced sensing, communications, and control in the day-to-day operation of the grid. Electricity is a core utility for the functioning of society and for the services provided by information and communication technologies (ICTs). Several concepts of the smart grid, such as dynamic pricing, distributed generation, and demand management, have significantly impacted the operation of ICT services, in particular, communication networks and data centers. Ongoing energy-efficiency and operational expenditures reduction efforts in communication networks and data centers have gained another dimension with those smart grid concepts. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive survey on the smart grid-driven approaches in energy-efficient communications and data centers, and the interaction between smart grid and information and communication infrastructures. Although the studies on smart grid, energy-efficient communications, and green data centers have been separately surveyed in previous studies, to this end, research that falls in the intersection of those fields has not been properly classified and surveyed yet. We start our survey by providing background information on the smart grid and continue with surveying smart grid-driven approaches in energy-efficient communication systems, followed by energy, cost and emission minimizing approaches in data centers, and the corresponding cloud network infrastructure. We discuss the open issues in smart grid-driven approaches in ICTs and point some important research directions such as the distributed renewable energy generation capability-coupled communication infrastructures, optimum energy-efficient network design for the smart grid environment, the impact of green communication techniques on the reliability and latency requirements of smart grid data, workload consolidation with smart grid-awareness, and many more.

Energy-Efficient Information and Communication Infrastructures in the Smart Grid: A Survey on Interactions and Open Issues

A sensor interface device is essential for sensor data collection of industrial wireless sensor networks (WSN) in IoT environments. However, the current connect number, sampling rate, and signal types of sensors are generally restricted by the device. Meanwhile, in the Internet of Things (IoT) environment, each sensor connected to the device is required to write complicated and cumbersome data collection program code. In this paper, to solve these problems, a new method is proposed to design a reconfigurable smart sensor interface for industrial WSN in IoT environment, in which complex programmable logic device (CPLD) is adopted as the core controller. Thus, it can read data in parallel and in real time with high speed on multiple different sensor data. The standard of IEEE1451.2 intelligent sensor interface specification is adopted for this design. It comprehensively stipulates the smart sensor hardware and software design framework and relevant interface protocol to realize the intelligent acquisition for common sensors. A new solution is provided for the traditional sensor data acquisitions. The device is combined with the newest CPLD programmable technology and the standard of IEEE1451.2 intelligent sensor specification. Performance of the proposed system is verified and good effects are achieved in practical application of IoT to water environment monitoring.

A Reconfigurable Smart Sensor Interface for Industrial WSN in IoT Environment

Smart grid is envisioned to meet the 21st century energy requirements in a sophisticated manner with real time approach by integrating the latest digital communications and advanced control technologies to the existing power grid. It will connect the global users through energy efficiency and awareness corridor. This paper presents a comprehensive review of Wireless Communications Technologies (WCTs) for implementation of smart grid in a systematic way. Various network attributes like internet protocol (IP) support, power usage, data rate etc. are considered to compare the communications technologies in smart grid context. Techniques suitable for Home Area Networks (HANs) like ZigBee, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, 6LoWPAN and Z-Wave are discussed and compared in context of consumer concerns and network attributes. A similar approach in context of utilities concerns is adopted for wireless communications techniques for Neighborhood Area Networks (NANs) which include WiMAX and GSM based cellular standards. Smart grid applications, associated network issues and challenges are elaborated at the end.

A review of wireless communications for smart grid

The idea of Smart Grid has started to evolve more rapidly with the enhancement in Communication Technologies. Two way communication is a key aspect in realizing Smart Grids and is easily possible with the help of modern day advancements in both wired and wireless communication technologies. This paper discusses some of the major communication technologies which include IEEE specified ZigBee, WiMAX and Wireless LAN (Wi-Fi) technologies, GSM 3G/4G Cellular, DASH 7 and PLC (Power Line Communications), with special focus on their applications in Smart Grids. The Smart Grid environments and domains such as Home Area Automation, Substation Automation, Automated Metering Infrastructure, Vehicle-to-Grid Communications, etc. are considered as priority areas for developing smarter grids. The advancements, challenges and the opportunities present in these priority areas are discussed in this paper.

Evolution of Communication Technologies for Smart Grid applications

The Internet of Things(IoT) and Smart Grid are of great importance in promoting and guiding development of information technology and economic. At Present, the application of the IoT develops rapidly, but due to the special requirements of some applications, the existing technology can not meet them very good. Much research work is doing to build IoT. WiFi-based Wireless Sensor Network(WSN) has the features of high bandwidth and rate, non-line-transmission ability, large-scale data collection and high cost-effective, and it has the capability of video monitoring, which can not be realized with ZigBee. The research on WiFi-based WSN and its application has high practical significance to the development of the Internet of Things and Smart Grid. Based on the current research work of applications in the Internet of Things and the characteristics of WiFi-based WSN, this paper discusses the application of WiFi-based WSN in Internet of Things, which includes Smart Grid, Smart Agriculture and Intelligent environment protection.

The applications of WiFi-based Wireless Sensor Network in Internet of Things and Smart Grid

At present, many countries have put forward their own "Smart Grid" plans, and the intelligence of client is one study focus. As the footstone of the Smart Grid in client and grid intelligent management, AMR(Automatic Meter Reading) system play an important role. So studying the new architecture of AMR system in Smart Grid is of important practical significance. Comparing with other Zigbee-based WSN (Wireless Sensor Network) technology, WiFi-based WSN has many advantages, such as high bandwidth, non-line transmission capacity, coverage range, comprehensive cost-effective, easy expansion, higher robustness and security. Remote meter reading with WiFi-based WSN has some advantages, such as high cost-effective, high transmission rate and better transmission capacity, so research work of the key technology of the WiFi-based WSN has important significance to the world technology development of Internet of Things and the Smart Grid. Basing on the study of WiFi-based WSN, this paper proposes new type of network architectures for the new generation AMR system, and researches its protocols and topology optimization of cluster formation.

Design of new architecture of AMR system in Smart Grid

In this paper, image enhancement is considered as an optimization problem and improved PSO(Particle Swarm Optimization) is used to solve it. Also in it, parameterized transformation function is used, which uses global and local information of the image. And an objective criterion for measuring image enhancement — taking fully consideration of the entropy of the image and edge information — is proposed. The main job of this paper tries to achieve the best image enhancement function with the help of improved PSO — parameters optimization. Results have been proved out better compared with other enhancement techniques, such as HE(Histogram Equalization), LCS(Linear Contrast Stretching) and GAIE(Genetic Algorithm based on Image Enhancement).

Image enhancement technique based on improved PSO algorithm

Additive Manufacturing (AM) technology is widely used There is an increasing demand for quality of AM product Currently, there is no ideal method to monitor and ensure the quality of AM during the modeling process In AM, the model is built layer by layer and the defects emerge gradually, so the defects might not be found immediately during the manufacturing process With the accumulation of the inaccuracies, the quality of model would be decreased To promote the quality level of AM, quality control technology is essential In this paper, the quality of Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) is studied by the method of combining the Machine Vision (MV) and Statistical Process Control (SPC) Firstly, the picture of each layer during the manufacturing process is caught with a camera Secondly, the contour of these pictures are extracted with image processing methods Finally, these data is analyzed with the methods of statistical process control and the control status is acquired In this paper, three different models are designed to verify the feasibility of this method It can be concluded that all defects in counter profile can be detected and the monitoring accuracy is 05mm

Machine vision based statistical process control in fused deposition modeling

A kind of manufacturing mode of Mass Customization is introduced in the paper. In the system, user can customize individual product after landing manufacturer's web site according to the given flow. The application on manufacturer side can output the parts drawings and the assembly drawings automatically after get the confirm information and customized data. Firstly, the customization flow and the framework of customization system are introduced; secondly, the way to share information among Parts Libraries is referred; thirdly, the principle of inventory management is given; at last, the framework of automatic drawing is designed. With the system, parts suppliers and manufacturers divide the work and cooperate reasonably, suppliers keep reasonably inventory, and manufacturers reuse the knowledge in Parts Libraries freely. So manufacturing cycle time is shorted and the cost of Mass Customization is depressed.

He Ketai

Papers

The applications of WiFi-based Wireless Sensor Network in Internet of Things and Smart Grid

Design of new architecture of AMR system in Smart Grid

Image enhancement technique based on improved PSO algorithm

Machine vision based statistical process control in fused deposition modeling

Research on Automatic Drawing Supported Mass Customization