In this study, natural clay (NC) was collected from Saudi Arabia and modified by cocamidopropyl betaine (CAPB) at different conditions (CAPB concentration, reaction time, and reaction temperature)....

https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acsomega.0c00166

Removal of Hazardous Contaminants from Water by Natural and Zwitterionic Surfactant-modified Clay.

Novel recycling of incinerated sewage sludge ash (ISSA) and waste bentonite as ceramsite for Pb-containing wastewater treatment: Performance and mechanism

A novel hybrid nanomaterials comprising of palygorskite (PAL) and chitin nanofibers (ChNFs) was successfully synthesized via simple, green and cost effective technology/method and for the first time used in adsorption process. Shrimp sourced chitin is a biopolymer endowed with amino and hydroxyl groups suited for adsorption of metals while PAL is hydrophilic, cheap and eco-friendly material. The hybridization of PAL and ChNFs was achieved under the collision and shear force of ball mill. Morphological analysis showed that ChNFs were attached on PAL leading to enhanced stability of the hybrid dispersion. PAL/ChNFs was used as an adsorbent for Pb(II) ion metal removal. The hybrid adsorbent showed a remarkable adsorption capacity (qe) of 53.7 mg g−1 and removal efficiency of 92.9%. This water dispersible PAL/ChNFs holds great potential in different water treatment related applications that require materials with high hydrophilicity, anti-fouling, biocompatibility, adsorption as well as mechanical properties.

Facile preparation of palygorskite/chitin nanofibers hybrids nanomaterial with remarkable adsorption capacity

Optimization of arsenic ions adsorption and removal from hospitals wastewater by nano-bentonite using central composite design

This paper presents our findings on the effect of adding biopolymers to locally available soil to form low-cost alternative landfill liner materials. Hydraulic conductivity is the key parameter for assessing the suitability of any geomaterial as a landfill liner. In view of this, the hydraulic conductivity of biopolymer-modified soil was determined at various dosages. Two biopolymers—xanthan gum and guar gum—were used in the experimental work at dosages of 0.5%, 1%, 2%, and 4% by weight of dry soil mass. The results indicated that the hydraulic conductivity values decreased with an increase in biopolymer content and consolidation pressure (σcp). The influence of xanthan gum content (G1) and guar gum content (G2) on the soil hydraulic conductivity is represented by nonlinear regression models based on experimental data obtained for σcps of 50, 100, 200, 400, and 800 kPa. The performance of the soils was assessed using reliability-based design optimization methodology. The optimal mixtures of cohesive soils blended with a range of G1 and G2 were evaluated considering the variability associated with the dosages of G1 and G2, and the σcp. 

Reliability-Based Design Optimization of Biopolymer-Amended Soil as an Alternative Landfill Liner Material

Removal of heavy metals from industrial waste water is a worldwide challenge. Inorganic pollutants are difficult to treat as they are non-biodegradable, hence they remain in nature. Such pollutant when enters the food cycle, affect human, plant, animal lives and aquatic systems. Therefore, their removal becomes critical from the environmental point of view. In this study lead is being used as a pollutant in water and unmodified bentonite clay is used as adsorbent material. The bentonite clay was characterized using technique XRD. The results of XRD show that montmorillonite is the main clay mineral. The applicability of the bentonite clay from Bhawnagar area for removal of lead from aqueous solution was tested using the batch process. Experimental parameters affecting the adsorption process like pH value, initial metal concentration, dose of adsorbent (clay), agitation time, and speed were analyzed to get optimum conditions for maximum removal of lead. Experimental data were fitted well to the Langmuir adsorption isotherm with maximum adsorption capacity of 26.3 mg/gram at correlation coefficient of 0.955. It was found that Langmuir adsorption model is fit well with experimental data. Successful application of bentonite clay from Bhawnagar area for removal of lead from aqueous solution greatly supports its field application.

Hegde R. A

Papers

Adsorption of Lead by Bentonite Clay