The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the Paris Agreement on Climate Change call for deep transformations in every country that will require complementary actions by governments, civil society, science and business. Yet stakeholders lack a shared understanding of how the 17 SDGs can be operationalized. Drawing on earlier work by The World in 2050 initiative, we introduce six SDG Transformations as modular building-blocks of SDG achievement: (1) education, gender and inequality; (2) health, well-being and demography; (3) energy decarbonization and sustainable industry; (4) sustainable food, land, water and oceans; (5) sustainable cities and communities; and (6) digital revolution for sustainable development. Each Transformation identifies priority investments and regulatory challenges, calling for actions by well-defined parts of government working with business and civil society. Transformations may therefore be operationalized within the structures of government while respecting the strong interdependencies across the 17 SDGs. We also outline an action agenda for science to provide the knowledge required for designing, implementing and monitoring the SDG Transformations. The Sustainable Development Goals require profound national and societal changes. This Perspective introduces six Transformations as building blocks for achieving the SDGs and an agenda for science to provide the requisite knowledge.

Six transformations to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals

The international community has committed to combat climate change and achieve 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Here we explore (dis)connections in evidence and governance between these commitments. Our structured evidence review suggests that climate change can undermine 16 SDGs, while combatting climate change can reinforce all 17 SDGs but undermine efforts to achieve 12. Understanding these relationships requires wider and deeper interdisciplinary collaboration. Climate change and sustainable development governance should be better connected to maximize the effectiveness of action in both domains. The emergence around the world of new coordinating institutions and sustainable development planning represents promising progress. The international community has committed to fight climate change and achieve 17 Sustainable Development Goals. Here the authors assess evidence about the relationships between the two agendas and discuss the need of deeper interdisciplinary efforts to understand these relationships.

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Connecting climate action with other Sustainable Development Goals

This paper explains the concept of infrastructure investing. It reviews its history, why it is of current interest, and what forms it takes. It details the benefits and risks of infrastructure investing and elaborates on the issues involved in making an investment. It focuses on private investments in infrastructure assets, primarily in developed western economies. It concludes with a recommendation that most long-term institutional investment portfolios could benefit from an allocation to infrastructure.

전기자동차 Infrastructure 개발 추이

Sustainability transitions in energy, transport or agro-food systems are needed to tackle grand sustainability challenges. Due to the urgency of these challenges, transitions need to accelerate and widen in scope, which, in some cases, is already happening. This shift in gear, however, comes with a series of 'acceleration challenges', including whole systems change, multi-system interaction, decline and resistance, consumption and lifestyles, and governance. Using insights from the new research field of transition studies, this perspective paper deepens the understanding of these acceleration challenges.

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Challenges in the acceleration of sustainability transitions

Through the provision of a range of essential services, infrastructure systems profoundly influence development. At a time of increasing global investment in infrastructure, there is a need to support practitioners in making informed choices in order to achieve progress toward sustainable development objectives. Using the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development (the SDGs) as a framework to structure infrastructure decision-making and trade-offs, this analysis develops a performance indicator system that assesses the potential development implications of a portfolio of infrastructure investments and policies. We develop metrics to assess the performance of infrastructure-linked targets. We then embed these metrics in a systems model that allows for the quantification of future infrastructure needs and the assessment of portfolios of infrastructure investments and policies that contribute to meeting these needs. These methods are applied to the small-island country of Curacao, demonstrating the potential for meeting the SDGs through adoption of strategies of cross-sectoral infrastructure investments and policies in the energy, water, wastewater and solid waste sectors. In the face of growing demands for infrastructure services, we find that inaction with regard to infrastructure supply and demand will lead to a 28% decrease in average SDG achievement across these targets by 2030. We assemble a portfolio of interventions that provide infrastructure services across these four sectors that enable achievement of 19 SDG targets directly linked to infrastructure. These interventions imply scaling up of infrastructure where there are gaps in service provision, ranging from an overall 10% increase in the water sector to a 368% increase in waste sector infrastructure from current capacities by 2030. Achieving the SDGs does not necessarily imply more infrastructure: in the energy sector the sustainable policy implies demand reductions of 32% from current levels. Nearly 50% of the assessed targets require intervention in more than one sector, emphasising the interdependent nature of the infrastructure system. The analysis addresses future uncertainties around the key drivers of residential population and tourism growth on the island by modelling infrastructure needs for alternate scenario projections. Averaged across the four sectors, these needs range from −14% (low) to +5% (high) in relation to the moderate projection. The analysis provides the first step towards a practical means of utilising infrastructure to deliver the SDGs, using quantitative indicators to underpin effective decision-making.

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Delivering on the Sustainable Development Goals through long-term infrastructure planning

Infrastructure systems form the backbone of every society, providing essential services that include energy, water, waste management, transport and telecommunications. Infrastructure can also create harmful social and environmental impacts, increase vulnerability to natural disasters and leave an unsustainable burden of debt. Investment in infrastructure is at an all-time high globally, thus an ever-increasing number of decisions are being made now that will lock-in patterns of development for future generations. Although for the most part these investments are motivated by the desire to increase economic productivity and employment, we find that infrastructure either directly or indirectly influences the attainment of all of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), including 72% of the targets. We categorize the positive and negative effects of infrastructure and the interdependencies between infrastructure sectors. To ensure that the right infrastructure is built, policymakers need to establish long-term visions for sustainable national infrastructure systems, informed by the SDGs, and develop adaptable plans that can demonstrably deliver their vision. Investing in infrastructure systems will lock-in patterns of development for future generations. This study finds that infrastructure either directly or indirectly influences the attainment of all of the Sustainable Development Goals, including 72% of the targets.

Infrastructure for sustainable development

Este informe investiga la naturaleza y las consecuencias de los conflictos en los proyectos de infraestructura en America Latina y el Caribe (ALC). Hasta donde los autores tienen conocimiento, este es el primer estudio a esta escala que se realiza sobre la industria de la infraestructura. Un enfoque de investigacion hibrido cuantitativo y cualitativo, permitio obtener los datos para este estudio. 32 entrevistas fueron llevadas a cabo con 42 expertos en sostenibilidad involucrados en el desarrollo de infraestructura en ALC. Luego, se creo una base de datos comprendida por 200 proyectos de infraestructura afectados por conflictos en seis sectores, con el fin de estudiar la naturaleza y los elementos causantes de conflictos, la respuesta de las empresas a estos conflictos, y las implicaciones materiales para los proyectos, empresas y sociedades. Nuestro analisis demuestra que la naturaleza de los conflictos es multidimensional, y es mas dinamica de lo que tradicionalmente se ha concebido tanto por empresas como por gobiernos. La mayoria de los conflictos se materializan por la interaccion de factores medioambientales, sociales, gubernamentales y economicos en un largo plazo. En general, la planificacion deficiente, el acceso reducido a los recursos, la falta de beneficios para la comunidad y la carencia de consultoria adecuada, fueron los elementos causantes de conflicto mas prominentes. En muchos casos, los conflictos aumentaron debido a reclamos y preocupaciones acumuladas de la comunidad que estuvieron sin resolver por muchos anos. En general, los conflictos pueden surgir durante cualquier fase de un proyecto de infraestructura, pero nuestro analisis demuestra que las primeras fases son altamente vulnerables a conflictos. La mayoria de los proyectos en la base de datos que fueron cancelados o pospuestos enfrentaron conflictos antes de la fase operacional. Las consecuencias de tales conflictos son cada vez mas nocivas para las empresas, los inversionistas, y los gobiernos nacionales, ya que los conflictos causan el fracaso de los proyectos y generan danos a las economias nacionales. De los 200 proyectos en la base de datos, 36 fueron cancelados debido a conflictos, mientras que 162 proyectos se enfrentaron a retrasos y 116 se enfrentaron a sobrecostos. Aunque los seis sectores de infraestructura evaluados en esta investigacion se encontraron con conflictos; recursos naturales, energia, y manejo de proyectos de desechos tuvieron una parte desproporcionada. Adicionalmente, los conflictos aumentaron mas a menudo en los paises que carecen de la capacidad institucional para manejarlos efectivamente.

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Lessons from Four Decades of Infrastructure Project-Related Conflicts in Latin America and the Caribbean

IDBG Framework for Planning, Preparing, and Financing Sustainable Infrastructure Projects: IDB Sustainable Infrastructure Platform

Urban Infrastructure and Social Conflict in Latin America

This evaluation applies the Envision Rating System on the Northern Section of the Mario Covas Rodoanel Project in Brazil.

Hendrik Meller

Papers

Infrastructure for sustainable development

Lessons from Four Decades of Infrastructure Project-Related Conflicts in Latin America and the Caribbean

IDBG Framework for Planning, Preparing, and Financing Sustainable Infrastructure Projects: IDB Sustainable Infrastructure Platform

Urban Infrastructure and Social Conflict in Latin America

Mário Covas Rodoanel Project: Northern Section, Brazil