Electrocoagulation treatment of arsenic in wastewaters: A comprehensive review

Recent progress in the theory and practice of voltammetry is surveyed and evaluated. The transformation over the last decade of the level of modelling and simulation of experiments has realised major advances such that electrochemical techniques can be fully developed and applied to real chemical problems of distinct complexity. This review focuses on the topic areas of: multistep electrochemical processes, voltammetry in ionic liquids, the development and interpretation of theories of electron transfer (Butler-Volmer and Marcus-Hush), advances in voltammetric pulse techniques, stochastic random walk models of diffusion, the influence of migration under conditions of low support, voltammetry at rough and porous electrodes, and nanoparticle electrochemistry. The review of the latter field encompasses both the study of nanoparticle-modified electrodes, including stripping voltammetry and the new technique of 'nano-impacts'.

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/open.201500042

Recent Advances in Voltammetry

Many microfluidic and electrochemical applications involve chaotic transport phenomena that arise due to instabilities stemming from coupling of hydrodynamics with ion transport and electrostatic forces Recent investigations have revealed the contribution of a wide range of spatio-temporal scales in such electro-chaotic systems similar to those observed in turbulent flows Given that these scales can span several orders of magnitude, significant numerical resolution is needed for accurate prediction of these phenomena The objective of this work is to assess accuracy and efficiency of commercial software for prediction of such phenomena We have considered the electroconvective flow induced by concentration polarization near an ion selective surface as a model problem representing chaotic elecrokinetic phenomena We present detailed comparison of the performance of a general-purpose commercial computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and transport solver against a custom-built direct numerical simulation code that has been tailored to the specific physics of unsteady electrokinetic flows We present detailed statistics including velocity and ion concentration spectra over a wide range of frequencies as well as time-averaged statistics and computational time required for each simulation Our results indicate that while accuracy can be guaranteed with proper mesh resolution and avoiding numerical dissipation, commercial solvers are generally at least an order of magnitude slower than custom-built direct numerical simulation codes

Simulation of chaotic electrokinetic transport: performance of commercial software versus custom-built direct numerical simulation codes

http://rubingulaboski.synthasite.com/resources/Pulse%20Techniques%20Mini%20Review%202014.pdf

Henrik Ekström

Papers

COMSOL Multiphysics®: Finite element software for electrochemical analysis. A mini-review