Alkali-enriched rocks from the central eastern Pacific Ocean

Relative importance of surface air temperature and density to interannual variations in monthly surface atmospheric pressure

On October 8, 2009, an unobserved asteroid approaching the Earth exploded in the upper atmosphere (at height of 15–20 km) directly over South Sulawesi province in Indonesia. According to NASA, this explosion of a 10-m-sized stone object, which entered the dense atmosphere at a speed of more than 20 km/s, realized an energy of 50,000 tons TNT equivalent (three times more powerful than the Hiroshima nuclear blast). The event was detected by the West Ontario University Observatory, at a distance of 16,000 km away from its epicenter.

Global Risks and Threats to Humanity from Outer Space: Prospects of Warning and Parrying

Magnetohydrodynamical (MHD) turbulence is ubiquitous in magnetized astrophysical plasmas, and it radically changes a great variety of astrophysical processes. In this review, we introduce the concept of MHD turbulence and explain the origin of its scaling. We consider the implications of MHD turbulence for various problems: dynamo in different types of stars, flare activity, solar and stellar wind from different stars, the propagation of cosmic rays, and star formation. We also discuss how the properties of MHD turbulence provide a new means of tracing magnetic fields in interstellar and intracluster media.

/pdf/outlook-on-magnetohydrodynamical-turbulence-and-its-3tke2h8p.pdf

Outlook on Magnetohydrodynamical Turbulence and Its Astrophysical Implications

https://www.pnas.org/content/pnas/26/6/406.full.pdf

On Solar Faculae and Solar Constant Variations

Climatology is a science of meteorological generalizations.

Monthly means of temperature and monthly totals of precipitation are most often the only data climatologists make use of in their studies. Evidently so-called “normal” means of long series of observations give the best maps of temperature- and rainfall-distribution and, eventually, of the range of variations. Atmospheric pressure is very seldom taken into consideration.

On climatic anomalies: Atmospheric‐pressure problems

During the ice-ages the formation of extensive inland-ice caps took up a certain amount of water from the oceans and thus the sea-level should then be slightly lower, and shore-lines should retreat seaward.

On the contrary, the overcharge of the glacial areas, in the case of a perfect isostatic equilibrium, should cause a sinking of the land, an advance of shore-lines, and evidently an uplift at a certain distance from the inland ice. Such a possible cause of sea-level variations has been frequently discussed.

Henryk Arctowski

Papers

On Solar Faculae and Solar Constant Variations

On climatic anomalies: Atmospheric‐pressure problems

Bathymetry of the Pacific