A method and apparatus are disclosed utilizing a laser for heat treating a transformation hardenable workpiece. Sufficiently high laser power densities are provided at the workpiece surface to cause an incandescent reaction with the workpiece, but incandescent reaction is limited to a sufficiently short period of time to prevent any substantial melting of the workpiece. Pre-conditioning the workpiece prior to heat treatment, squelching the workpiece with a gaseous jet, and techniques for work-hardening cylindrical workpieces are also disclosed.

Heat treating using a laser

A gondola car has a body for lading carried on an underframe. The underframe includes a center sill and cross-bearers. The car has deep side beams having top chords, side sills, and side sheets. The lower portion of the car includes tubs that seat between the cross-bearers. The car may have an internal volume of more than 8000 cu. ft. The car may have rotary dump claw sockets. The car has opposed internal and external stiffeners aligned at the longitudinal stations of the cross-bearers. The internal stiffeners may be triangular cantilevers extending upwardly inside the side sheets. The side sheet lies intermediate the stiffeners and their flanges. The top chords may be wider in cross-section than the side sills. The side sills may define torque tubes that co-operate with the sidewall stiffeners and the top chords to resist lateral deflection. The car may include a false deck, or dog-house at one end to accommodate the brake reservoir and brake valve, such that the car is longitudinally asymmetric.

Railroad gondola car structure

Construction elements of predetermined cross-sectional profiles are formed of wood, plastic and/or metal. These construction elements are useful in building construction, preformed panel systems and preformed truss structures. The shapes of the construction elements are also adaptable to a toy construction set.

Construction systems and elements thereof

A railway car with a pair of improved sidewalls is provided For some applications, the railway car may include a steel railway car underframe with an aluminum body mounted thereon The car body preferably includes a pair of sidewalls and a pair of end walls The car body may have an open top or a roof mounted thereon Relatively, thin side posts are disposed on the exterior of the sidewalls to allow increasing cargo carrying capacity of the railway car At least one longitudinal stiffener is disposed along the interior surface of each sidewall to provide sufficient strength for the sidewall based on anticipated loading while at the same time allowing reducing the number and the thickness of the side posts For some applications the side posts and the longitudinal stiffeners may be formed by an extrusion process with substantially the same cross section

Sidewall for a railway car

Blade edge welding technique

My invention relates to built-up steel beams naving solid webs or inserted web members joined to flange members by continuous butt welds. My invention relates particularly to girders having depths and/or web dimensions greater than standard rolled beams, and the method of fabricating same....

Steel beam and method of making same

My invention relates to a welded metal car and a method of constructing and assembling same, and it relates particularly to the open railway freight car of the hopper or gondola type. Heretofore, railway freight cars of the hopper and gondola type have usually been made of a number of parts,...

Welded metal car and method of assembling same

This invention relates to a method of and apparatus for thermo-chemically cutting or severing ferrous metal bodies for forming shaped edges on metal members, and more particularly to a method of and apparatus for shaping and truing edges of metallic plates and other structural shapes to prepare...

Method of and apparatus for forming shaped edge on metal members

This invention relates to a method of eliminating certain objectionable metallurgical changes which are produced in high carbon and alloy steels when they are severed by means of high temperature heating and oxidizing agents, e. g., 6 the oxy-acetylene cutting flame. By the operation of high...

Method of reconditioning metal

This invention relates to the art of cutting metals by means of gaseous heating and oxidizing jets. In gas cutting certain so-called air-hardening grades of steel and those grades, such as the structural silicon steels, which harden perceptibly under the quenching following conventional gas...

Herbert H Moss

Papers

Steel beam and method of making same

Welded metal car and method of assembling same

Method of and apparatus for forming shaped edge on metal members

Method of reconditioning metal

Metal cutting process and apparatus