Showing papers by "Herbert Ugrinowitsch published in 2006"

Efeito do número de demonstrações na aquisição de uma habilidade motora: um estudo exploratório

Abstract: RESUMO O efeito de diferentes numeros de demonstracoes na aquisicao de habilidades motoras ainda nao esta claro Isto incentivou a investigacao do efeito do numero de demonstracoes na aprendizagem do arremesso de dardo de salao Quatorze sujeitos foram distribuidos aleatoriamente em 4 grupos: uma demonstracao (D1), duas (D2), quatro (D4) e oito (D8) O experimento constou de tres fases: aquisicao, com 70 tentativas do arremesso “profissional”, a 2,37m do alvo; teste de transferencia apos 3 minutos, com 10 tentativas da pegada em “V”, a 3,37m; e teste de retencao da aquisicao, com 10 tentativas, apos 10 minutos Na analise do padrao de movimento, pela moda, nao se detectou diferenca significativa intergrupos (p>0,05) e detectou-se, no indice de variabilidade do padrao de movimento (IVP), diferenca intergrupos no bloco 1 do teste de retencao, sendo 4 e 8 demonstracoes superiores Os resultados mostram que todos os grupos foram semelhantes na aprendizagem da tarefa Alem disso, 4 e 8 demonstracoes apresentaram uma maior flexibilidade no padrao de movimento

Efeitos da freqüência relativa e intervalo de atraso de conhecimento de resultados (CR) na aquisição de habilidades motoras

Abstract: The purpose of the present study was to identify the effects of relative frequency and delay interval of Knowledge of Results (KR) in the acquisition of a serial motor skill. Sixty students were randomly distributed in 2 experiments, with three groups in each experiment (n = 10), as a function of relative frequency: 100% (G100), 66% (G66) and 33% (G33). The Experiment 1 investigated the effects of the KR frequency without KR delay interval and the Experiment 2 investigated the effects of the KR frequency with KR delay interval (3 seconds) in the acquisition of a serial motor skill. The serial task consisted of putting a tennis ball into six holes, positioned in a wood platform in a previously determined target time. In both experiments, the subjects performed 60 trials in target time of 2,700 ms, in the acquisition phase. After ten minutes, an immediate retention test, with the same procedure of the acquisition phase, followed by a transfer test, with a new sequence of transport of the balls and target time (2,300 ms), was carried out. Twenty four hours later, both tests were repeated. All tests were performed with 10 trials without KR. In the Experiment 1, the results showed superiority of G33 in relation to the other groups, during the tests. In the Experiment 2, the results did not show any difference among the groups. These results are discussed with respect to the effect of KR delay interval, showing the role of combination of the variables. Key Words: Motor learning; knowledge of results; relative frequency; delay interval; combination of variables.

Análise dos padrões fundamentais de movimento em crianças de 3 a 8 anos de idade

Abstract: Analysis of the fundamental patterns of movement in children from 3 to 8 years old The sequence of motor development includes the phase of fundamental movements. In this sense, some authors state that children are in the mature stage at the age of seven. However, results of other studies have found the mature state stating from nine years old. The aim of this study was to analyze the fundamental patterns of movement in children from three to eight years old. Fifty seven children from a private school located in Montes Claros, Minas Gerais – Brazil, participated in the study. Six groups were set according to their age: three, four, fi ve, six, seven and eight years old. Fundamental movements characterized by running, jumping, throwing and catching were analyzed following the protocol of the fundamental movements evaluation. The results indicated that any group did not reach the mature stage, but at eight, some children showed themselves in the mature stage in some components. The fi ndings permit to speculate that the mature stage is only reached at more advanced ages. To test this premise, new studies, with a larger number of participants need to be done to check if these results are confi rmed.