The current understanding of the fundamentals of recrystallization is summarized. This includes understanding the as-deformed state. Several aspects of recrystallization are described: nucleation and growth, the development of misorientation during deformation, continuous, dynamic, and geometric dynamic recrystallization, particle effects, and texture. This article is authored by the leading experts in these areas. The subjects are discussed individually and recommendations for further study are listed in the final section.

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Current issues in recrystallization: a review

Alloy negative electrodes for Li-ion batteries.

This article presents room-temperature deformation mechanisms in polycrystalline Mg alloys. Dislocation slip of basal 〈a〉 and prismatic 〈a〉 types are shown to occur nearly at the same ease when the basal planes are tilted in such a way that the Schmid-factor ratio (equivalent to the critically resolved shear stress (CRSS) ratio) of prismatic 〈a〉 to basal 〈a〉 slip is larger than a value ranging from 1.5 to 2.0, depending on the initial texture distribution and grain size. Grain-boundary sliding (GBS) also occurs at room temperature up to 8 pct of total strain, enhanced by plastic anisotropy as well as by the increasing number of grain-boundary dislocations. Twinning plays an important role in both flow and fracture behaviors. Twins are induced mostly by stress concentrations caused by the anisotropic nature of dislocation slip. Twins can be classified into two types based on their shape: a wide lenticular type and a narrow banded type. The wide twins are 
$$\{ 10\bar 12\} $$

 twins appearing in the early stage of deformation and accompany little change of surface height. The narrow twins are 
$$\{ 10\bar 11\} $$

 or 
$$\{ 30\bar 32\} $$

 appearing in the late stage of deformation and accompany a substantial change in surface height. The formation of the narrow twins seems to give rise to highly localized shear deformation within the twin, leading to strain incompatibility and to final failure.

Enhanced deformation mechanisms by anisotropic plasticity in polycrystalline Mg alloys at room temperature

Electrochemical impedance and deterioration behavior of metal hydride electrodes

Analysis of the different slip systems activated by tension in a α/β titanium alloy in relation with local crystallographic orientation

Rechargeable hydrogen batteries using rare-earth-based hydrogen storage alloys

Molybdenum has many attractive properties for high-temperature structural applications. However, its usefulness as a structural material is impaired by brittleness at and below ambient temperature, resulting from its intrinsically weak grain boundary strength. According to our previous study, the fracture strength in molybdenum depends markedly on the grain boundary character and, in particular, on the orientation relationship between the two adjacent crystals and the orientation of the grain boundary plane. However, our present knowledge is still far from a complete understanding. In this study, the relationship between the strength, grain boundary structure and grain boundary energy has been investigated for purified biccrystals of molybdenum with various symmetric tilt boundaries, by means of transmission electron microscopy and optical interferometry. The main results obtained are as follows. (1) There is a relatively good correlation between the fracture strength and the grain boundary energy. The energy cusps, for instance, are observed for (112) and (111) Σ3 coincidence boundaries, which are high in fracture strength, while the energy is higher for near (114) and (122) Σ9 boundaries, which are low in strength. (2) Σ1 small angle and near (112) Σ3 coincidence boundaries have a good coherence, which agrees well with the result of the boundary energy measurement. Grain boundary dislocations are observed and they can be described by the boundary dislocation model. (3) On the (114) Σ9 coincidence boundary with low fracture strength, the structure is poor in coherence compared with Σ1 and Σ3 boundaries. However, the grain boundary structure can also be described by the grain boundary dislocation (displacement shift complete (DSC) dislocation) model. (4) It is considered that the grain boundary structure in molybdenum with a high covalency in bonding is not greatly different from that in normal metals.

Grain boundary structure, energy and strength in molybdenum

{1122} slip in titanium

Pour etudier la rupture intergranulaire dans Mo avec joints de flexion symetriques on effectue un essai de flexion a quatre points a 77 K avec des bicristaux a differentes desorientations entre 0° et 90°

Hideo Yoshinaga

Papers

Rechargeable hydrogen batteries using rare-earth-based hydrogen storage alloys

Grain boundary structure, energy and strength in molybdenum

{1122} slip in titanium

Grain Boundary Fracture in Molybdenum Bicrystals with Various 〈110〉 Symmetric Tilt Boundaries

Internal Stresses during High-Temperature Deformation of Pure Aluminium and an Al–Mg Alloy