2016 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure: The Task Force for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Developed with the special contribution of the Heart Failure Association (HFA) of the ESC.

https://hull-repository.worktribe.com/preview/1797952/1-s2.0-S0140673618322797-main.pdf

Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 328 diseases and injuries for 195 countries, 1990–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016

https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/164632/2/01_Bin%2bSayeed_Global%252C_regional%252C_and_national_2018.pdf

Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, andyears lived with disability for 354 diseases and injuries for195 countries and territories, 1990–2017: a systematicanalysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

WRITING GROUP MEMBERS Emelia J. Benjamin, MD, SCM, FAHA Michael J. Blaha, MD, MPH Stephanie E. Chiuve, ScD Mary Cushman, MD, MSc, FAHA Sandeep R. Das, MD, MPH, FAHA Rajat Deo, MD, MTR Sarah D. de Ferranti, MD, MPH James Floyd, MD, MS Myriam Fornage, PhD, FAHA Cathleen Gillespie, MS Carmen R. Isasi, MD, PhD, FAHA Monik C. Jiménez, ScD, SM Lori Chaffin Jordan, MD, PhD Suzanne E. Judd, PhD Daniel Lackland, DrPH, FAHA Judith H. Lichtman, PhD, MPH, FAHA Lynda Lisabeth, PhD, MPH, FAHA Simin Liu, MD, ScD, FAHA Chris T. Longenecker, MD Rachel H. Mackey, PhD, MPH, FAHA Kunihiro Matsushita, MD, PhD, FAHA Dariush Mozaffarian, MD, DrPH, FAHA Michael E. Mussolino, PhD, FAHA Khurram Nasir, MD, MPH, FAHA Robert W. Neumar, MD, PhD, FAHA Latha Palaniappan, MD, MS, FAHA Dilip K. Pandey, MBBS, MS, PhD, FAHA Ravi R. Thiagarajan, MD, MPH Mathew J. Reeves, PhD Matthew Ritchey, PT, DPT, OCS, MPH Carlos J. Rodriguez, MD, MPH, FAHA Gregory A. Roth, MD, MPH Wayne D. Rosamond, PhD, FAHA Comilla Sasson, MD, PhD, FAHA Amytis Towfighi, MD Connie W. Tsao, MD, MPH Melanie B. Turner, MPH Salim S. Virani, MD, PhD, FAHA Jenifer H. Voeks, PhD Joshua Z. Willey, MD, MS John T. Wilkins, MD Jason HY. Wu, MSc, PhD, FAHA Heather M. Alger, PhD Sally S. Wong, PhD, RD, CDN, FAHA Paul Muntner, PhD, MHSc On behalf of the American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2017 Update

Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2017 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association

Author(s): Writing Group Members; Mozaffarian, Dariush; Benjamin, Emelia J; Go, Alan S; Arnett, Donna K; Blaha, Michael J; Cushman, Mary; Das, Sandeep R; de Ferranti, Sarah; Despres, Jean-Pierre; Fullerton, Heather J; Howard, Virginia J; Huffman, Mark D; Isasi, Carmen R; Jimenez, Monik C; Judd, Suzanne E; Kissela, Brett M; Lichtman, Judith H; Lisabeth, Lynda D; Liu, Simin; Mackey, Rachel H; Magid, David J; McGuire, Darren K; Mohler, Emile R; Moy, Claudia S; Muntner, Paul; Mussolino, Michael E; Nasir, Khurram; Neumar, Robert W; Nichol, Graham; Palaniappan, Latha; Pandey, Dilip K; Reeves, Mathew J; Rodriguez, Carlos J; Rosamond, Wayne; Sorlie, Paul D; Stein, Joel; Towfighi, Amytis; Turan, Tanya N; Virani, Salim S; Woo, Daniel; Yeh, Robert W; Turner, Melanie B; American Heart Association Statistics Committee; Stroke Statistics Subcommittee

Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2016 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association

Objectives Hospitalisation for congestive heart failure (CHF) was reported to be 1648 cases for every 100 000 patient claims in 2014 in the Philippines; however, there are no data regarding its economic impact. This study determined CHF hospitalisation cost and its total economic burden. It compared the healthcare-related hospitalisation cost from the societal perspective with the payer’s perspective, the Philippine Health Insurance Corporation (PhilHealth). Methods This is a cost analysis study. Data were obtained from representative government/private hospitals and a drugstore in all regions of the country. Healthcare costs included cost of diagnostics/treatment, professional fees and other CHF-related hospital charges, while non-healthcare costs included production losses, transportation and food expenses. Results The overall mean healthcare-related cost for CHF hospitalisation (class III) in government hospitals in the Philippines in 2014 was PHP19 340–PHP28 220 (US$436–US$636). In private hospitals, it was PHP28 370–PHP41 800 (US$639–US$941). In comparison, PhilHealth’s coverage/CHF case rate payment is PHP15 700 (US$354). The mean non-healthcare cost was PHP10 700–PHP14 600 (US$241–US$329). Using PhilHealth’s case rate payment and the prevalence of CHF hospitalisation in 2014, the total economic burden was PHP691 522 200 (US$15 574 824). Using the study results on healthcare-related cost meant that the total economic burden for CHF hospitalisation would instead be PHP851 850 000–PHP1 841 563 000 (US$19 185 811–US$41 476 644). Conclusions The calculated healthcare-related hospitalisation cost for CHF in the Philippines in 2014 demonstrates the disparity between the actual cost and PhilHealth’s coverage. This implies a need for policymakers to review its coverage to make healthcare delivery affordable.

https://heartasia.bmj.com/content/heartasia/10/2/e011039.full.pdf

Economic burden of hospitalisation for congestive heart failure among adults in the Philippines.

Abstract Background The Philippines has recommended the use of Quality-Adjusted Life Years (QALYs) in government health technology assessments (HTA). We aimed to develop a value set for the EQ-5D-5L based on health preferences of the healthy general adult population in the Philippines. Methods Healthy, literate adults were recruited from the Philippine general population with quota targets based on age, sex, administrative region, type of residence, education, income, and ethnolinguistic groups. Each participant’s preference was elicited by completing Composite Time Trade-Off (C-TTO) and Discrete Choice Experiment (DCE) tasks. Tasks were computer-assisted using the EuroQol Valuation Technology 2.0. To estimate the value set, we explored 20- and 8-parameter models that either use c-TTO-only data or both c-TTO and DCE (also called hybrid models). Final model choice was guided by principles of monotonicity, out-of-sample likelihood, model fit, and parsimony. Results We recruited 1000 respondents with demographic characteristics that approximate the general population such as 49.6% Female, 82% Roman Catholic, 40% in urban areas, and 55% finished high school. None of the 20-parameter models demonstrated monotonicity (logical worsening of coefficients with increasing severity). From the 8-parameter models, the homoscedastic TTO-only model exhibited the best fit. From this model, mobility and pain/ discomfort had the highest effect on utilities. Conclusion The selected model for representing the Philippine general population preferences for EQ-5D-5L health states was an 8-parameter homoscedastic TTO-only model. This value set is recommended for use in QALY calculations in support of HTA-informed coverage decisions in the Philippines. 

/pdf/estimating-the-eq-5d-5l-value-set-for-the-philippines-pysj3tkw.pdf

Estimating the EQ-5D-5L value set for the Philippines

Almost all preference-based measures (PBMs) have been developed in Western countries, with none having been formulated in Asian countries. In this study, we construct a new generic PBM based on concept elicitation using interview surveys in East and Southeast Asian countries and qualitative analysis.This cross-sectional study included 225 adults recruited from 9 East and Southeast Asian countries or regions (Indonesia, Japan, Korea, mainland China, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, Taiwan, and Thailand). Trained interviewers conducted semistructured interviews with 25 participants from the general population of each country/region. Qualitative data were analyzed using a content analysis approach. The selection of items was determined based on interview surveys and team member discussions. The description of items was considered based on a detailed qualitative analysis of the interview survey.A new region-specific PBM-the Asia PBM 7 dimensions instrument-was designed. It reflects East and Southeast Asian values and comprises 7 items: pain, mental health, energy, mobility, work/school, interpersonal interactions, and burden to others.The new region-specific instrument is one of the first PBMs developed in the context of non-Western countries. The Asia PBM 7 dimensions contains 7 items that address the core concepts of health-related quality of life that are deemed important based on East and Southeast Asian health concepts. 

Developing a New Region-Specific Preference-Based Measure in East and Southeast Asia.

SUMMARY BACKGROUND : The Philippines aims to accelerate TB reduction through the provision of universally accessible and affordable services. The objectives of this paper are to estimate the costs of TB services and interventions using a health systems’ perspective, and to explore cost differences in service delivery via primary care facilities or hospitals. METHODS : Data were collected from a multi-stage stratified random sampling of 28 facilities in accordance with Global Health Cost Consortium costing standards and analysis tools. Unit costs (in US$) estimated using top-down (TD) and bottom-up (BU) approaches, are summarised following Value TB reporting standards and by broad facility type. RESULTS : Cost of delivering 32 TB services and eight interventions varied by costing method and delivery platform. Average BU costs ranged from US$0.38 for treatment support visits, US$2.5 for BCG vaccination, US$19.48 for the Xpert® MTB/RIF test to US$3,677 for MDR-TB treatment using the long regimen. Delivering TB care in hospitals was generally more costly than in primary care facilities, except for TB prevention in children and MDR-TB treatment using the long regimen. CONCLUSION : Comprehensive costing data for TB care in the Philippines are now available to aid in the design, planning, and prioritisation of delivery models to End TB.

Hilton Lam

Papers

Economic burden of hospitalisation for congestive heart failure among adults in the Philippines.

Estimating the EQ-5D-5L value set for the Philippines

Developing a New Region-Specific Preference-Based Measure in East and Southeast Asia.

Cost of TB prevention and treatment in the Philippines in 2017

Enhancing Mass Casualty Disaster Management Competencies Through an Integrated Disaster Simulation Training Program