http://staff.www.ltu.se/~lassew/ene/Avd%20Energiteknik/Publikationer/2004/Energy_humid%20GT_041025.pdf

Humidified gas turbines—a review of proposed and implemented cycles

An improved power plant employing a combination of compressed air storage and saturation (simultaneous heating and humidification) of compressed air is disclosed. The power plant (20A) includes a combustor (26) which provides hot gas for driving a turbine (24). The turbine (24) is used in conjunction with a generator (34) to generate electrical power. The power from the turbine (24) is accessible by a compressor system (40) during low power demand periods. The compressor system (40) is used to compress air which is stored in an air storage chamber (52). The compressed air from the air storage chamber (52) is used by the combustor (26) during high power demand periods, while the compressor system (40) is shut down, to provide compressed combustion gas to the turbine (24). To enhance the efficiency of the plant, while further lowering the capital cost of the plant, a saturator (60) is positioned between the storage chamber (52) and the combustor (26). The saturator (60) receives compressed air from the storage chamber (52) and simultaneously heats and humidifies it. The resultant heated and humidified compressed air is then conveyed to the combustor (26), typically after further heating by a recuperator (70).

Power plant utilizing compressed air energy storage and saturation.

A gas turbine installation which includes a compressor which compresses supplied air and discharges the same, a combustor which combusts the compressed air obtained from the compressor and fuel and produces combustion gas, a turbine which is driven by combustion gas provided from the combustor, a regenerative heat exchanger which heats all or a part of the compressed air being supplied from the compressor to the combustor by making use of the heat of the exhaust gas exhausted from the turbine and a plurality of water spraying devices which are provided at positions from an intake air chamber of the compressor to the outlet of low temperature side gas flow passage in the regenerative heat exchanger and is characterized in that the regenerative heat exchanger is constituted by connecting in series a plurality of heat exchangers having different heat transfer surface configurations. Thereby, a gas turbine installation is provided which suppresses generation of erosion and scales due to water droplets and shows a high efficiency and a high output.

Gas turbine installation

A process is disclosed for producing mechanical energy or electric power from chemical energy contained in a fuel, utilizing a combustion turbine. The compressed air which is used for combustion of the fuel to drive the turbine is humidified prior to combustion in a multistage countercurrent saturator to replace some or all of the thermal diluent air with water vapor. Humidification is effected with the water at a temperature below its boiling point at the operating pressure. The compressed air is cooled prior to humidification by passing in heat exchange relationship with the water used for humidification. Low level heat is rejected from the compressed air during intercooling and prior to humidification. This process provides a significant improvement in thermal efficiency, compared to combined cycle, steam injected cycle, intercooled regenerative cycle, and other air humidification based processes. Additionally, the entire steam cycle of a combined cycle process is eliminated, including the steam turbine generator, steam drums, surface condenser and cooling towers.

Process for producing power

A gas turbine driven powerplant having one or more compressors for producing a down stream air flow, a heat exchanger positioned down stream of the compressors followed by a side stream flow coolant line, a regenerator positioned down stream of the heat exchanger and side stream coolant line, a combustor positioned down stream of the regenerator, one or more turbines positioned down stream of the combustor and mechanically coupled to the compressors, and a power turbine positioned down stream of the turbines. Combustible effluent flows through the heat exchanger and to the combustor, and air discharged from the compressors flows through the heat exchanger and to the coolant line and regenerator. Heat is transferred from the compressor discharge air to the combustible effluent, thereby producing cooling air and heating the combustible effluent. The heat exchanger can be a heat exchanger or a methane/steam reformer which produces a hydrogen-rich, low NO x , steam diluted combustible effluent. In further embodiments, a small portion of the cool air is combined with the recuperation water in a heat recovery unit to allow vaporization of the water throughout the initial portion of the heat exchange path and form a two phased feed of water and air to the combustor. Additionally, in all embodiments a portion of the cooled compressed air can be processed by a compressor/expander for providing coolant to the turbines, compressors, and auxiliary equipment.

Performance enhanced gas turbine powerplants

In a regenerative gas turbine cycle in which heat recovery is carried out by a mixture of air/steam which is obtained by contact between water and a part of or the whole of compressed air, said compressed air being compressed by a compressor for compressing gas using air or air based gas as a combustion supporting/working medium gas; the improvement comprising: the mixture of air/steam and liquid phase cooled water being obtained through the contact between the compressed air and heated water which is used as heat recovering medium; said cooled water being used as heat recovering medium not only for heat recovery of turbine exhaust gas but also, for (a) intercooling of the compressor, and/or (b) precooling of compressed air for the contact operation; supplying water corresponding to the amount of water which contacts the compressed air and is lost by evaporation to the liquid phase water for contact or heat recovery as it is or after using as a heat recovering medium.

Regenerative gas turbine cycle

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent the corrosion of a circulating liquid phase water piping in a water injection regenerating combustion cycle using a cycle internal circulating liquid phase water as heat recovering medium by using a deaerated water as the liquid phase water used as the heat recovering medium. SOLUTION: Air 1 is compressed by a compressor AC 1 , cooled through an intermediate cooler R 1 using cycle internal circulating liquid phase water 26 as cooling medium, and the liquid phase water 26 is also heated. It is cooled through a feed water preheater R 2 using cycle supplying water 24 as cooling medium, and the supplying water 24 is heated. The air leaving the feed water preheater R 2 is compressed by a compressor AC 2 , cooled through a final stage cooler R 3 using cycle internal circulating liquid phase water 33 as cooling medium, and the liquid phase water 33 is also heated. The air 6 leaving the final stage cooler R 3 is brought into contact with the liquid phase water 26 in a humidifying tower EXT to provide a mixture. The cycle internal circulating liquid phase water 32 leaving the humidifying tower EXT is deaerated through gas-liquid separators F 1 , F 2 , and supplied to each cooler R 1 , R 3 , R 4 . COPYRIGHT: (C)1997,JPO

Gas turbine cycle

A method and system for operating a regenerative gas turbine in which a compressed gaseous medium is saturated with steam from untreated water having impurities in a first contact chamber and then supplied to a second chamber where the mixture is washed with pure water to remove impurities. The resulting mixture is mixed with fuel and combusted to supply gas to the turbine. Exhaust gas from the turbine is supplied to two serially connected regenerators which transfer heat to the recirculating untreated and pure water.

Method for adding water to a heat exchanging system

A heat exchanging system for a heat engine wherein compressed air alone or gas including air as the main part thereof is used as a gaseous combustion supporting medium, working mixture or the like, said system is characterized in that heat recovery is accomplished by a utilization of a gaseous or mistlike mixture which is obtained by adding liquid phase water to a part of or the whole of said compressed gas or contacting said water with said gas, or heat recovery is accomplished while adding liquid phase water thereto or contacting it therewith.

A heat exchanging system for a heat engine

A heat exchanging system for a heat engine wherein compressed air alone or gas including air as the main part thereof is used as a gaseous combustion supporting medium, working mixture, or the like and compressed gaseous fuel is used as fuel, the system being characterized in that heat recovery is accomplished by a utilization of a multi-phase mixture which is obtained by adding liquid phase water to the compressed gaseous fuel or the gaseous fuel and a part of or the whole of the compressed air or the gas including air as the main part thereof or by contacting the former with the latter, or heat recovery is accomplished while the multi-phase mixture is produced within a heat exchanger with adding the former to the latter or contacting the former with the latter.

Hiromi Nakamura

Papers

Regenerative gas turbine cycle

Gas turbine cycle

Method for adding water to a heat exchanging system

A heat exchanging system for a heat engine

Heat exchanging system for a heat engine using compressed gaseous fuel as fuel