An automated loan risk assessment system and method are described. The system is adapted to receive information about a loan or an insurance application requesting insurance to cover same. The system calculates a risk score for the loan based on a plurality of risk factors including at least two of a fraud risk factor, a credit risk factor and a property valuation risk factor. The risk score can be used by a loan service provider in deciding whether or not to fund or insure the loan.

Automated Loan Risk Assessment System and Method

We present an enhanced error diffusion halftoning algorithm for which the filter weights and the quantizer thresholds vary depending on input pixel value. The weights and thresholds are optimized based on a human visual system model. Based on an analysis of the edge behavior, a tone dependent threshold is designed to reduce edge effects and start-up delay. We also propose an error diffusion system with parallel scan that uses variable weight locations to reduce worms.

Tone-dependent error diffusion

Methods and apparatus for interpolating existing gray-level pixel data to obtain new pixel values during image reduction and enlargement. A quadratic interpolation equation is used to apply location weighting factors to the density values of neighboring pixels. Edge strength modifying factors are used to modify the weighting factors in the x, y, and diagonal directions. In one embodiment, the modifying factors are set to greater than unity when the corresponding edge strength is greater than a predetermined threshold value. In another embodiment, the modifying factors are a non-linear function of the edge strength. These techniques preserve the sharpness of high contrast edges in the original image.

Pixel interpolator with edge sharpening

A halftoning method for creating a color binary image from a continuous tone color image or computer generated graphics signal is improved by diffusing color vector error and by including the visual color blur functions in the recursive error propagation algorithm so that perceived color vector rather than binary color error is propagated.

Color digital halftoning with vector error diffusion

An electronic endoscope system includes a video scope having a solid-state image sensor for successively producing a frame of color image-pixel signals, and an image-signal processor for producing a color video signal based on the frame of color image-pixel signals. A calculation system calculates a difference value between a value of a central single-color image-pixel signal and an average of values of one selected from single-color image-pixel signals surrounding the central single-color image-pixel signal. A color-balance alteration system alters the value of the central single-color image-pixel signal based on the difference value calculated by the calculation system. A selection system performs the selection of the circumferential image-pixel signals such that the circumferential image-pixel signals to be selected are farther from the central image-pixel signal, as a spatial frequency of an endoscope image to be reproduced based on the color video signals is lower.

Electronic endoscope system with color-balance alteration process

There is an image processing apparatus for digitally processing an image. This apparatus comprises: a binarization circuit to binarize image data by a predetermined threshold value; a processor to correct errors generated in binarization; a first detector to detect an edge direction of the image from the image data; and a second detector to detect an edge quantum of the image from the image data. The process corrects the error data in accordance with the edge direction detected by the first detector or the edge quantum detected by the second detector. The errors to be corrected by the processor are the errors between the output concentration data after the binarization and the image concentration data. The processor adds weight coefficients to the error data in a predetermined range stored in a memory and then adds the weighted error data to image data to be newly binarized. The sum of the weight coefficients which are used in the weighting process is set to "1". With this apparatus, a high quality apparatus can be reproduced with a high fidelity from an original including many edges.

Method and apparatus for image processing with fed-back error correction

An image processing apparatus for digitizing an analog image by dispersing the digitizing error to the surrounding areas. The characteristics or edge of the analog image are identified, and the error dispersing area is varied according to the result of identification, thus enabling reproduction of the image with high quality regardless of the nature of the original image.

Image processing apparatus with binarization-error dispersal

PURPOSE: To reproduce the image of any original with high quality and high accuracy by detecting the edge component of an image and varying the size of a diffusion matrix in an error diffusing method in accordance with the size of the detected edge component. CONSTITUTION: The image data of an original read out by an input sensor part 10 are sent to an A/D converter 11 and converted into digital data consisting of 8 bits and 256 gradations. Then, shading correction for correcting the uneven sensitivity of a CCD sensor or uneven illumination due to an illuminating light source is executed by a correcting circuit 12 on the basis of digital operation. The correced signal 100 is supplied to an edge detecting circuit 13 and a binarizing circuit 14. The circuit 13 detects the edge component included in the image and outputs a value 107 corresponding to the detected component to the circuit 14 to vary the matrix size of the circuit 14 in accordance with the signal. The circuit 14 executes binarization on the basis of the error dispersing method and sends a binary signal to a printer. COPYRIGHT: (C)1988,JPO&Japio

Image processing method

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To increase the accuracy and efficiency of logic verification related to memory access of a memory control circuit. SOLUTION: A verification test program 106 and a CPU model 101 request an access to a memory model 105 for the memory control circuit 102. A transaction monitor 104 monitors the transaction generated on a system bus 103 by the access requested by the CPU model 101 and holds transaction information based on the monitoring. The memory model 105 responds to the access from the memory control circuit 102 and acquires transaction information based on the transaction generated by the access. A memory access checker 107 verifies logic of the memory control circuit 102 using the transaction information acquired by the memory model 105 and the transaction information held by the transaction monitor 104.

Logic verification device and method of memory control circuit

A CPU model issues a memory access request to a memory control circuit by executing a verification test program. A transaction monitor monitors a transaction generated on a system bus, and detects and holds a transaction of memory access from the CPU model. A memory model responds to access from the memory control circuit, and acquires transaction information of that access. A memory access checker logically verifies the memory control circuit using the transaction information acquired by the memory model, and the transaction information held by the transaction monitor.

Hiroshi Hosokawa

Papers

Method and apparatus for image processing with fed-back error correction

Image processing apparatus with binarization-error dispersal

Image processing method

Logic verification device and method of memory control circuit

Logical verification apparatus and method for memory control circuit