Over the past few decades, we have witnessed a dramatic rise in life expectancy owing to significant advances in medical science and technology, medicine as well as increased awareness about nutrition, education, and environmental and personal hygiene. Consequently, the elderly population in many countries are expected to rise rapidly in the coming years. A rapidly rising elderly demographics is expected to adversely affect the socioeconomic systems of many nations in terms of costs associated with their healthcare and wellbeing. In addition, diseases related to the cardiovascular system, eye, respiratory system, skin and mental health are widespread globally. However, most of these diseases can be avoided and/or properly managed through continuous monitoring. In order to enable continuous health monitoring as well as to serve growing healthcare needs; affordable, non-invasive and easy-to-use healthcare solutions are critical. The ever-increasing penetration of smartphones, coupled with embedded sensors and modern communication technologies, make it an attractive technology for enabling continuous and remote monitoring of an individual’s health and wellbeing with negligible additional costs. In this paper, we present a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art research and developments in smartphone-sensor based healthcare technologies. A discussion on regulatory policies for medical devices and their implications in smartphone-based healthcare systems is presented. Finally, some future research perspectives and concerns regarding smartphone-based healthcare systems are described.

https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/9/2164/pdf

Smartphone Sensors for Health Monitoring and Diagnosis.

In this paper, a comprehensive survey of authentication protocols for Internet of Things (IoT) is presented. Specifically more than forty authentication protocols developed for or applied in the context of the IoT are selected and examined in detail. These protocols are categorized based on the target environment: (1) Machine to Machine Communications (M2M), (2) Internet of Vehicles (IoV), (3) Internet of Energy (IoE), and (4) Internet of Sensors (IoS). Threat models, countermeasures, and formal security verification techniques used in authentication protocols for the IoT are presented. In addition a taxonomy and comparison of authentication protocols that are developed for the IoT in terms of network model, specific security goals, main processes, computation complexity, and communication overhead are provided. Based on the current survey, open issues are identified and future research directions are proposed.

/pdf/authentication-protocols-for-internet-of-things-a-19mmiff9py.pdf

Authentication Protocols for Internet of Things: A Comprehensive Survey

http://wangdingg.weebly.com/uploads/2/0/3/6/20366987/comnet14.pdf

On the anonymity of two-factor authentication schemes for wireless sensor networks

In this paper, we present a comprehensive survey of authentication protocols for Internet of Things (IoT). Specifically, we select and in-detail examine more than forty authentication protocols developed for or applied in the context of the IoT under four environments, including: (1) Machine to machine communications (M2M), (2) Internet of Vehicles (IoV), (3) Internet of Energy (IoE), and (4) Internet of Sensors (IoS). We start by reviewing all survey articles published in the recent years that focusing on different aspects of the IoT idea. Then, we review threat models, countermeasures, and formal security verification techniques used in authentication protocols for the IoT. In addition, we provide a taxonomy and comparison of authentication protocols for the IoT in form of tables in five terms, namely, network model, goals, main processes, computation complexity, and communication overhead. Based on the current survey, we identify open issues and suggest hints for future research.

Wireless sensor Networks (WSNs) deployed in distributed Internet of Things (IoT) applications should be integrated into the Internet According to the distributed architecture, sensor nodes measure data, process, exchange information, and perform collaboratively with other sensor nodes and end-users, which can be internal or external to the network In order to maintain the trustworthy connectivity and the accessibility of distributed IoT, it is important to establish secure links for end-to-end communication with a strong pervasive authentication mechanism However, due to the resource constraints and heterogeneous characteristics of the devices, traditional authentication and key management schemes are not effective for such applications This paper proposes a pervasive lightweight authentication and keying mechanism for WSNs in distributed IoT applications, in which the sensor nodes can establish secured links with peer sensor nodes and end-users The established authentication scheme PAuthKey is based on implicit certificates and it provides application level end-to-end security A comprehensive description for the scenario based behavior of the protocol is presented With the performance evaluation and the security analysis, it is justified that the proposed scheme is viable to deploy in the resource constrained WSNs

https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1155/2014/357430

PAuthKey: A Pervasive Authentication Protocol and Key Establishment Scheme for Wireless Sensor Networks in Distributed IoT Applications

Falls are a major problem for the elderly people leading to injury, disability, and even death. In this article, we propose a fall detection system that uses the acceleration sensor of a smartphone...

A real-time fall detection system based on the acceleration sensor of smartphone:

Recently the advances in a variety of hardware/software technologies and wireless networking have brought explosive growth of mobile network/device involved services and it raised a number of security concerns such as user authentication/authorization, user information privacy and secure data transmission between service providers and consumers using mobile devices through mobile network. Therefore, it is essential that legitimate user authentication as well as user anonymity for privacy is ensured between those entities (service providers and consumers). As compared to stationary devices, due to high network latency and low computing performance of mobile network/devices, the authentication scheme in wireless and mobile networks requires a mechanism to achieve low communication and computation costs. Thus, in this paper we propose a lightweight authentication scheme. Also, the scheme ensures user’s anonymity and provides secure password update, session key agreement, and mutual authentication between entities to resist to possible attacks in ubiquitous networks. And we present security and performance analysis of our proposed scheme, and experimental results to show the efficiency of the scheme as well.

An efficient secure authentication scheme with user anonymity for roaming user in ubiquitous networks

A Real-time Fall Detection System Based on the Acceleration Sensor of Smartphone

With the rapid growth of information technologies, mobile devices have been utilized in a variety of services such as e-commerce. When a remote server provides such e-commerce services to a user, it must verify the legitimacy of the user over an insecure communication channel. Therefore, remote user authentication has been widely deployed to verify the legitimacy of remote user login requests using mobile devices like smart cards. In this paper we propose a smart card-based authentication scheme that provides both user anonymity and mutual authentication between a remote server and a user. The proposed authentication scheme is a simple and efficient system applicable to the limited resource and low computing performance of the smart card. The proposed scheme provides not only resilience to potential attacks in the smart card-based authentication scheme, but also secure authentication functions. A smart card performs a simple one-way hash function, the operations of exclusive-or and concatenation in the authentication phase of the proposed scheme. The proposed scheme also provides user anonymity using a dynamic identity and key agreement, and secure password change.

https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.5772/50912

A Remote User Authentication Scheme with Anonymity for Mobile Devices

All-to-all broadcast scheduling problems are considered in WDM optical passive star networks where k wavelengths are available in the network It is assumed that each node has exactly one tunable transmitter and one fixed tuned receiver All transmitters can tune to k different wavelengths, and have the same tuning delay δ to tune from one wavelength to another In this paper, we take δ to be a nonnegative integer which can be expressed in units of packet durations When all-to-all broadcasts are scheduled periodically in the network, the lower bounds are established on the minimum cycle length depending on whether each node sends packets to itself or not And then, we present optimal scheduling algorithms in both cases for arbitrary number of wavelengths and for arbitrary value of the tuning delay

Hongjin Yeh

Papers

A real-time fall detection system based on the acceleration sensor of smartphone:

An efficient secure authentication scheme with user anonymity for roaming user in ubiquitous networks

A Real-time Fall Detection System Based on the Acceleration Sensor of Smartphone

A Remote User Authentication Scheme with Anonymity for Mobile Devices

Optimal Scheduling Algorithms in WDM Optical Passive Star Networks