Nutrigenetics concerns individual differences in the reaction to food based on the genetic factors. Nutrigenomics analyses direct influences of nutrients on gene expression. Both terms are explained in our review article. Nutrigenetics and nutrigenomics require a deep understanding of nutrition, genetics and biochemistry and of new ‘omic’ technologies. It is often difficult to appreciate their relevance in the practice of preventive approaches for optimizing health, delaying onset of disease and diminishing its severity. This paper represents a review about the current research on Nutrigenomics and Nutrigenetics, and provide scientific data for a new integrated clinical approach.

https://www.preprints.org/manuscript/202107.0137/v1/download

Paradigm Shift: an Overview on Nutrigenetics and Nutrigenomics

Abstract Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an independent risk-factor for cardiovascular diseases. Plant-based dietary-patterns have been shown to positively impact the effects this cardiovascular risk-factor. The purpose of this study is to investigate the association of adherence to moringa, plantains, moringa-plantain combined, and other plant based dietary-patterns with glycemic-control among persons with type-2-diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). Facility-based cross-sectional-study was conducted among 530 T2DM patients in Ghana. Structured-questionnaires were used to collect demographic, anthropometric, and clinical variables. Adherence to plant-based dietary-patterns were assessed with 24-hour dietary-recall questionnaire. SPSS version-22 was used in data analysis. BMI, HbA1c%, HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol were significantly correlated with adherence to plant-based dietary-patterns (p-value < 0.05). After adjusting for confounders, adherence to: Plantain diets, standardized regression coefficient β (95%CI): -0.098 (-0.321, -0.022), Yam, β (95%CI): 0.148 (0.066, 0.496), Moringa diets β (95%CI): -0.095 (-0.325,-0.011) and Bean-diets β (95%CI): -0.112 (-0.577-.007) were significantly associated with glycemic control. Also adherence to: Plantain-moriga combined diets β (95%CI): -0.406 (-0.413, -0.049) and Plantain-beans combined diets β (95%CI): -0.128 (-0.188, -0.038) were significantly associated with glycemic control. Adherence to Plantain, Yam, Beans, Plantain-moriga combined diets, and Plantain-beans combined diets could be associated with glycemic control. Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, Adherence, Moringa, Plantain, Glycemic control, Ghana.

/pdf/the-association-of-adherence-to-moringa-plantains-moringa-3wtjsf8w27.pdf

The Association of Adherence to Moringa, Plantains, Moringa-Plantain Combined Diets, and Other Plant-Based Dietary Patterns With Glycemic Control Among Persons With T2DM, a Hospital Based Cross Sectional Survey in Ghana

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an independent risk-factor for cardiovascular diseases. Plant-based dietary-patterns have been shown to reverse the effects of these cardiovascular risk-factors. Our study therefore aimed to investigate the potential roles moringa, moringa-plantain combined, and other plant based dietary-patterns could play in controlling glycaemia among persons with type-2-diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). Facility-based cross-sectional-study was conducted among 530 T2DM patients from August 2018 to September 2019 in Ghana. Structured-questionnaires were used to collect demographic, anthropometric, and clinical variables. Adherence to plant-based dietary-patterns were assessed using 3-day food record. SPSS version-20 was used to analyse the data. BMI, HbA1c%, HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol were significantly correlated with adherence to plant-based dietary-patterns (p-value < 0.05). After adjusting for physical activity, adherence to plantain diets Standardized regression coefficient β (95%CI): -0.098 (-0.321, -0.022), yam β (95%CI): 0.148 (0.066, 0.496), moringa diets β (95%CI): -0.095 (-0.325,-0.011) and bean-diets β (95%CI): -0.112 (-0.577, -0.007) were significantly associated with glycemic control. Adherence to plantain-moriga combined diets β (95%CI): -0.406 (-0.413, -0.049) and plantain-beans combined diets β (95%CI): -0.128 (-0.188, -0.038) were also significantly associated with glycemic control. Adherence to plantain, yam, beans, plantain-moriga combined diets, and plantain-beans combined diets could be associated with glycemic-control. Health care workers should prioritize these plant-based dietary-patterns for disease prevention and health promotion.

The potential role of plantains, moringa, plantain-moringa combined diets, and other plant-based dietary patterns in controlling glycaemia among T2DM persons, a hospital based cross sectional survey in Ghana

Moringa oleifera (Moringaceae) is a medicinal plant rich in biologically active compounds. The aim of the present study was to screen M. oleifera methanolic leaf (L) extract, seed (S) extract, and a combined leaf/seed extract (2L : 1S ratio) for antidiabetic and antioxidant activities in mice following administration at a dose level of 500 mg/kg of body weight/day. Diabetes was induced by alloxan administration. Mice were treated with the extracts for 1 and 3 months and compared with the appropriate control. At the end of the study period, the mice were euthanized and pancreas, liver, kidney, and blood samples were collected for the analysis of biochemical parameters and histopathology. The oral administration of the combined L/S extract significantly reduced fasting blood glucose to normal levels compared with L or S extracts individually; moreover, a significant decrease in cholesterol, triglycerides, creatinine, liver enzymes, and oxidant markers was observed, with a concomitant increase in antioxidant biomarkers. Thus, the combined extract has stronger antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant properties than the individual extracts. The histopathological results also support the biochemical parameters, showing recovery of the pancreas, liver, and kidney tissue. The effects of the combined L/S extracts persisted throughout the study period tested. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to report on the antidiabetic, antioxidant, and antihyperlipidemic effects of a combined L/S extract of M. oleifera in an alloxan-induced diabetic model in mice. Our results suggest the potential for developing a natural potent antidiabetic drug from M. oleifera; however, clinical studies are required.

https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/omcl/2023/9136217.pdf

Evaluation of Antidiabetic Effect of Combined Leaf and Seed Extracts of Moringa oleifera (Moringaceae) on Alloxan-Induced Diabetes in Mice: A Biochemical and Histological Study

Amaç: Moringa oleifera Lamarck, Orta Doğu, Afrika ve Asya Ülkeleri’nde yetişen bir bitki olup; bu ülkelerde özellikle bitkinin tohumları ve yaprakları gıda olarak tüketilmektedir. Sonuç ve Tartışma: Bitkinin yaprak ve tohum kısımları fitokimyasallar açısından oldukça zengin olup; flavonoit, glukosinolat, alkaloit, fenolik asit, terpen, sterol, mineral, vitamin, amino asitler ve yağ asitleri taşımaktadır. Tohumlardan elde edilen yağ ise; esansiyel yağ asitleri omega 3, 6 ve 9 açısından çok zengin olması sebebiyle zeytinyağına alternatif bir besin kaynağı olarak görülmektedir. Bitkinin tüm kısımları (yaprak, tohum, kök ve çiçek) insan ve hayvan tüketimine uygun olarak bulunmuştur. Bununla birlikte bitkinin su arıtımı, biyodizel olarak kullanımı, kozmetik sektörü gibi gıda dışı alanlarda da değerlendirildiği bilinmektedir. Bitkinin biyolojik etkileri konusunda uluslararası saygın dergilerde yayımlanmış bilimsel çalışmalar mevcuttur. Yapılan araştırmalar ile bitkinin içerdiği fitokimyasallar sebebiyle antioksidan, antimikrobiyal, antikanser, antidiyabetik ve kardiyovasküler riskleri önleyici etkileri ispatlanmıştır. 

Moringa oleifera’nin etki̇nli̇k ve güvenli̇ği̇

Diabetes is a complex chronic illness that is associated with serious long-term complications.1 In 2017, diabetes affected 30.2 million individuals in the United States, and the prevalence is expected to increase.2 Management of diabetes requires a variety of lifestyle and pharmacological interventions. In addition, some patients may pursue complementary and alternative therapies. In 2012, it was estimated that 26.2% of US adults with diabetes used complementary and alternative medicines, with herbal therapies being the most common type.3 The effects of some herbal therapies, such as cinnamon, fenugreek, and milk thistle, on glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes have...

Huda Hussein

Papers

Effects of Moringa oleifera in patients with type 2 diabetes.