A pot experimental was conducted to the effect of foliar application of chemical insecticide (malathion) and biological insecticide (yeast emulsion) on growth vigor, pigments content, of bean plants and the quality of vielded seeds as well as its chemical composition. In the majority of cases, the two insecticides appeared to cause pronounced effect on growth parameters during growth of bean plants. Malathion application induced slight increase or marked decrease in pigments content and photosynthetic activity of 50 and 85 days old plant, respectively. On the other hand, yeast emulsion appeared to cause nonsignificant effect on the above-mentioned parameters, all over the growth period of bean plants. Foliar application of malathion caused significant decrease in growth promotery substances (i.e. IAA, GA3and cytokinin) with simultaneous increase in IAA-oxidase as well as abscisic acid content of bean plant. The application of yeast emulsion appeared without significant effect on growth regulators content ...

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Effect of chemical and biological insecticides on growth, pigmentation, photosynthetic activity and yield productivity of vicia faba plants

Malathion exposure at a concentration above 50 ppm elicited some alteration in the respiratory, swelling and contraction characteristics of mitochondria in the roots of 72 hr germinating seeds of Vigna sinensis (L). Change in these parameters is reflected by seedling growth characteristics of V. sinensis (L). The alteration of mitochondria by malathion (above 50 ppm) is also supported by the experiments which showed a marked leakage of NAD from the intra‐mitochondrial pool and a change in the activities of mitochondrial membrane bound ATPase and acid pyrophosphatase activities. Some change of sterol and phospholipid patterns in the associated mitochondrial membrane are also observed in the roots of the 72 hr germinating seeds of V. sinensis (IS) under malathion exposure (above 50 ppm).

Malathion exposed seeds of Vigna sinensis (L): change in mitochondrial respiration, swelling and contraction, leakage of NAD and mitochondrial membrane bound ATPase and pyrophosphatase activities

Malathion treatment of the seeds of Vigna sinensis (L), above 50 ppm decreased the seedling growth and respiration rate; it is accompanied by a significant alteration in the activities of different cell wall associated hydrolytic enzymes in the roots of the 72 hour germinated seeds. On the simultaneous application of either of the plant hormones (IAA or GA3) with different concentrations of malathion, it was found that there was a trend to overcome the malathion‐caused inhibition on seedling growth pattern and respiration rate in the roots of the seeds. It was also found that the treatment of the seeds with plant growth hormones, at 100 ppm malathion exposure, helps to restore the normal activities of some cell wall associated hydrolytic enzymes, which showed otherwise significantly altered activities. Above 100 ppm malathion exposure on the seeds, the plant hormones gradually lose their efficiency to counteract the malathion elicited effect on the studied parameters in the roots of the seeds.

Biochemical studies of some cell wall associated enzymes in malathion treated germinating seeds of vigna sinesis (L): Effect of IAA and Ga3 supplementation

I. Chatterjee

Papers

Biochemical studies of some cell wall associated enzymes in malathion treated germinating seeds of vigna sinesis (L): Effect of IAA and Ga3 supplementation