Ian P. Conner

TL;DR: MRI and psychophysical vision testing indicated that adults and children with amblyopia have decreased gray matter volume in visual cortical regions, including the calcarine sulcus, known to contain primary visual cortex.

TL;DR: Evidence that glaucoma deterioration is already present in the eye and the brain before substantial vision loss can be detected clinically using current testing methods is showed.

TL;DR: The authors used fMRI to measure the retinotopic organization of visual cortex in 15 children aged 7-12 years and found that significant head motion accounted for poor quality maps in a few tested children who were excluded from further analysis.

TL;DR: Overall results showed depressed fMRI signal magnitude for amblyopic eyes compared with sound eyes, although a few subjects did not show this trend, and assessment of the spatial extent of activation using an ocular dominance index did show significantly larger interocular differences for both strabismics and anisometropes compared with control subjects for whom eye dominance was carefully defined.

TL;DR: It is proposed that perceptual filling-in recruits high-level control mechanisms to reconcile competing percepts, and alters the normal image-related signals at the first stages of cortical processing.