자연주의적 탐구조사(Naturalistic Inquiry)

Basics of qualitative research: Grounded theory procedures and techniques

Experience and Educationis the best concise statement on education ever published by John Dewey, the man acknowledged to be the pre-eminent educational theorist of the twentieth century. Written more than two decades after Democracy and Education(Dewey's most comprehensive statement of his position in educational philosophy), this book demonstrates how Dewey reformulated his ideas as a result of his intervening experience with the progressive schools and in the light of the criticisms his theories had received. Analysing both "traditional" and "progressive" education, Dr. Dewey here insists that neither the old nor the new education is adequate and that each is miseducative because neither of them applies the principles of a carefully developed philosophy of experience. Many pages of this volume illustrate Dr. Dewey's ideas for a philosophy of experience and its relation to education. He particularly urges that all teachers and educators looking for a new movement in education should think in terms of the deeped and larger issues of education rather than in terms of some divisive "ism" about education, even such an "ism" as "progressivism." His philosophy, here expressed in its most essential, most readable form, predicates an American educational system that respects all sources of experience, on that offers a true learning situation that is both historical and social, both orderly and dynamic.

经验与教育 = Experience and education

Lincoln, Yvonna, and Egon Guba, "Postpositivism and the Naturalist Paradigm," pp. 14-46 in Yvonna Lincoln and Egon Guba, Naturalistic Inquiry . Beverly Hills, CA: Sage, 1985.*

Preparing the books to read every day is enjoyable for many people. However, there are still many people who also don't like reading. This is a problem. But, when you can support others to start reading, it will be better. One of the books that can be recommended for new readers is experience and education. This book is not kind of difficult book to read. It can be read and understand by the new readers.

Experience and Education.

PurposeStandards for reporting exist for many types of quantitative research, but currently none exist for the broad spectrum of qualitative research. The purpose of the present study was to formulate and define standards for reporting qualitative research while preserving the requisite flexibility

/pdf/standards-for-reporting-qualitative-research-a-synthesis-of-13h0lqeqk9.pdf

Standards for reporting qualitative research: a synthesis of recommendations.

PurposeThe authors perform a review of the literature pertinent to the question, “What makes a good clinical teacher in medicine?”MethodAfter framing the question, based on discussions of their own experiences with clinical teachers, the authors performed a search of the literature pertinent

/pdf/what-makes-a-good-clinical-teacher-in-medicine-a-review-of-562uwhszk9.pdf

What makes a good clinical teacher in medicine? A review of the literature.

Background Patient-centered decision making (PCDM) is the process of identifying clinically relevant, patient-specific circumstances and behaviors to formulate a contextually appropriate care plan. Objective To ascertain whether encounters in which PCDM occurs are followed by improved health care outcomes compared with encounters where there is inattention to patient context. Design Patients surreptitiously audio-recorded encounters with their physicians. Medical records of these encounters were then screened for "contextual red flags," such as deteriorating self-management of a chronic condition, that could reflect such underlying contextual factors as competing responsibilities or loss of social support. When a contextual factor was identified, either as a result of physician questioning or because a patient volunteered information, physicians were scored on the basis of whether they adapted the care plan to it. Setting Internal medicine clinics at 2 Veterans Affairs facilities. Participants 774 patients audio-recorded encounters with 139 resident physicians. Measurements Individualized outcome measures were based on the contextual red flag, such as improved blood pressure control in a patient presenting with hypertension and loss of medication coverage. Outcome coders were blinded to physician performance. Results Among 548 contextual red flags, 208 contextual factors were confirmed, either when physicians probed or patients volunteered information. Physician attention to contextual factors (both probing for them and addressing them in care plans) varied according to the presenting contextual red flags. Outcome data were available for 157 contextual factors, of which PCDM was found to address 96. Of these, health care outcomes improved in 68 (71%), compared with 28 (46%) of the 61 that were not addressed by PCDM (P = 0.002). Limitation The extent to which the findings can be generalized to other clinical settings is unknown. Conclusion Attention to patient needs and circumstances when planning care is associated with improved health care outcomes. Primary funding source U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Health Services Research & Development Service.

Patient-centered decision making and health care outcomes: an observational study.

Patient-centered decision making is when the physician considers an individual patient's needs and circumstances (that is, the context) when formulating a care plan. This study evaluated audio reco...

Patient-Centered Decision Making and Health Care Outcomes

Purpose: Until 1996, there were only 7 masters-level programs in health professions education (HPE); currently, there are 76 such programs. The purpose of this article is to provide information and...

Ilene B. Harris

Papers

Standards for reporting qualitative research: a synthesis of recommendations.

What makes a good clinical teacher in medicine? A review of the literature.

Patient-centered decision making and health care outcomes: an observational study.

Patient-Centered Decision Making and Health Care Outcomes

Preparing health professions education leaders worldwide: A description of masters-level programs