In 1974 an article appeared in Science magazine with the dry-sounding title “Judgment Under Uncertainty: Heuristics and Biases” by a pair of psychologists who were not well known outside their discipline of decision theory. In it Amos Tversky and Daniel Kahneman introduced the world to Prospect Theory, which mapped out how humans actually behave when faced with decisions about gains and losses, in contrast to how economists assumed that people behave. Prospect Theory turned Economics on its head by demonstrating through a series of ingenious experiments that people are much more concerned with losses than they are with gains, and that framing a choice from one perspective or the other will result in decisions that are exactly the opposite of each other, even if the outcomes are monetarily the same. Prospect Theory led cognitive psychology in a new direction that began to uncover other human biases in thinking that are probably not learned but are part of our brain’s wiring.

Thinking fast and slow.

The power of feedback.

หนงสอ Behavioral Game Theory: Experiments in Strategic Interaction เขยนโดย Colin F. Camerer มวตถประสงคเพอนำเสนอหลกฐานเชงประจกษจากผลการวจยจำนวนมากมายทยนยนอทธพลของปจจยทางจตวทยาทมผลตอการตดสนใจตามทฤษฎเกม หนงสอ เลมนไดนำเสนอแนวคดทฤษฎทเพมความสามารถในการอธบายพฤตกรรมการตดสนใจตามทฤษฎเกม (Game theory) ซง von Neumann; & Morgenstern ไดเสนอไวในป ค.ศ. 1944 โดยชใหเหนวา ปจจยทางจตวทยามอทธพลทำใหการตดสนใจทเกดขนจรงคลาดเคลอนจากการคาดการณของทฤษฎเกม

Behavioral Game Theory: Experiments in Strategic Interaction

The Architecture Of Cognition

Thank you very much for reading the oxford handbook of event related potential components. Maybe you have knowledge that, people have look numerous times for their chosen readings like this the oxford handbook of event related potential components, but end up in harmful downloads. Rather than enjoying a good book with a cup of tea in the afternoon, instead they are facing with some infectious virus inside their desktop computer.

The Oxford Handbook Of Event Related Potential Components

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Too much control can hurt: a threaded cognition model of the attentional blink.

This paper presents an empirical study aiming at investigating individual differences and behavioral metrics involved in modeling web navigation. Factors that have an influence on web navigation behavior were identified with the aid of task analysis, and their relevance in predicting task outcomes (performance, satisfaction, perceived disorientation) was tested with the aid of multiple regression analysis. Several types of navigation metrics were calculated based on web logging data and used as indicators of user characteristics and task outcomes. Results show that spatial-semantic cognitive mechanisms seem to be crucial in adequately performing web navigation tasks. The fact that user characteristics and task outcomes can be estimated with reasonable accuracy based on navigation metrics suggests the possibility of building adaptive navigation support in web applications.

Individual differences and behavioral metrics involved in modeling web navigation

Research on cognitive modeling of information search and Web navigation emphasizes the importance of “information scent” (the relevance of semantic cues such as link labels and headings to a reader's goal; Pirolli & Card, 1999). This article shows that not only semantic but also structural knowledge is involved in navigating the Web (Juvina, 2006). This article argues for considering both semantic and structural knowledge in modelling Web navigation. A cognitive model is proposed that uses information scent to account for user's judgments of relevance (a semantic dimension) and “path adequacy” (the semantic similarity between a navigation path and a user's goal) to account for user's efficiency in traversing a Web structure (a structural dimension). Two empirical studies show that abilities to represent and manipulate spatial structures are complementary to semantic abilities in accounting for Web navigation performance.

Modeling Semantic and Structural Knowledge in Web Navigation

Individual differences have been shown to lead to different navigation styles. In this paper we present a pilot study that aims at finding predictors for users’ vulnerability to experience disorientation that can be gathered unobtrusively and in real-time. We identified two navigation styles that we called flimsy navigation and laborious navigation that together predict users’ perceived disorientation. Our findings suggest that adaptive navigation support that addresses these navigation styles is a promising means to ease the various problems that are commonly associated with users experiencing disorientation.

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Discovery of Individual User Navigation Styles

In social interactions, decision makers are often unaware of their interdependence with others, precluding the realization of shared long-term benefits. In an experiment, pairs of participants played an Iterated Prisoner’s Dilemma under various conditions involving differing levels of interdependence information. Each pair was assigned to one of four conditions: “No-Info” players saw their own actions and outcomes, but were not told that they interacted with another person; “Min-Info” players knew they interacted with another person but still without seeing the other’s actions or outcomes; “Mid-Info” players discovered the other’s actions and outcomes as they were revealed over time; and “Max-Info” players were also shown a complete payoff matrix mapping actions to outcomes from the outset and throughout the game. With higher levels of interdependence information, we found increased individual cooperation and mutual cooperation, driven by increased reciprocating cooperation (in response to a counterpart’s cooperation). Furthermore, joint performance and satisfaction were higher for pairs with more information. We discuss how awareness of interdependence may encourage cooperative behavior in real-world interactions. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Ion Juvina

Papers

Too much control can hurt: a threaded cognition model of the attentional blink.

Individual differences and behavioral metrics involved in modeling web navigation

Modeling Semantic and Structural Knowledge in Web Navigation

Discovery of Individual User Navigation Styles

A description-experience gap in social interactions: : information about interdependence and its effects on cooperation