Effects of Dopamine in Man: Augmentation of Sodium Excretion, Glomerular Filtration Rate, and Renal Plasma Flow*

The Alkali Metal Ions in Biology

TRADITIONALLY, the term "prerenal failure" was used to describe a clinical situation in which the structurally intact kidney fails as a result of an impairment in glomerular perfusion The decrease

Prerenal Failure: A Deleterious Shift from Renal Compensation to Decompensation

Glomerular and tubule functions were assessed by micropuncture in rats with extensive myocardial infarction produced by ligation of the left coronary artery 4 weeks prior to study. When compared to sham-operated control rats, rats with myocardial infarction involving 40 +/- 4% of the left ventricular circumference had lower mean arterial pressure (96 +/- 5 vs. 122 +/- 4 mm Hg, P less than 0.005), and higher left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (24 +/- 3 vs. 5 +/- 0 mm Hg, P less than 0.001). Renal cortical microcirculatory dynamics of rats with myocardial infarction were characterized by reduced glomerular plasma flow rate (75 +/- 8 vs. 165 +/- 17 nl/min, P less than 0.005), but a proportionately lesser decline in single nephron glomerular filtration rate (28.0 +/- 2.8 vs. 41.7 +/- 3.1 nl/min, P less than 0.025), accounting for the observed rise in single nephron filtration fraction (0.38 +/- 0.02 vs. 0.25 +/- 0.02, P less than 0.005). These renal hemodynamic alterations in myocardial-infarcted rats were accompanied by a striking elevation in efferent arteriolar resistance (3.03 +/- 0.31 vs. 0.95 +/- 0.16 X 10(10) dyn X sec X cm-5, P less than 0.001). In addition, fractional proximal fluid reabsorption, assessed by end-proximal tubule fluid-to-plasma inulin concentration ratio, was elevated (2.21 +/- 0.12 vs. 1.64 +/- 0.09, P less than 0.025). The intravenous infusion of teprotide, an angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitor, led to the return of glomerular plasma flow rate, single nephron filtration fraction, single nephron glomerular filtration rate, efferent arteriolar resistance, and fractional proximal fluid reabsorption in myocardial-infarcted rats to, or toward, the levels found in control rats.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Role of angiotensin II in the altered renal function of congestive heart failure.

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The effect of acetylcholine on the human pulmonary circulation under normal and hypoxic conditions.

/pdf/renal-and-circulatory-factors-in-the-edema-formation-of-1c3nwv08of.pdf

Renal and circulatory factors in the edema formation of congestive heart failure.

THERE is a surprising lack of factual information on which the employment of the xanthine diuretics for patients with cardiac disease may be based.1This is no doubt due to the widespread and almost exclusive use of mercurial diuretics in congestive failure of the circulation. The frequently heard opinion that theophylline is a useful adjunct in the treatment of heart disease has made it seem worth while to report studies which we have made on the immediate circulatory action and the diuretic effect of theophylline isopropanolamine,2a soluble salt of theophylline, and an organic base. METHODS To evaluate the immediate circulatory effects of theophylline isopropanolamine, the cardiac output was measured in 15 patients with heart disease before and after administration. The direct Fick procedure was used, with catheterization of the right side of the heart.3In addition to the cardiac output, the procedures used made available

J. A. Winslow

Papers

Renal and circulatory factors in the edema formation of congestive heart failure.

Circulatory and diuretic effects of theophylline isopropanolamine