Giant and isotropic magnetoresistance as huge as −53% was observed in magnetic manganese oxide La0.72Ca0.25MnOz films with an intrinsic antiferromagnetic spin structure. We ascribe this magnetoresistance to spin‐dependent electron scattering due to spin canting of the manganese oxide.

31p-S-4 Giant Magnetoresistance in Magnetic Manganese Oxide with Intrinsic Antiferromagnetic Spin Structure

Driven by functionality and purity demand for applications of inorganic nanoparticle colloids in optics, biology, and energy, their surface chemistry has become a topic of intensive research interest. Consequently, ligand-free colloids are ideal reference materials for evaluating the effects of surface adsorbates from the initial state for application-oriented nanointegration purposes. After two decades of development, laser synthesis and processing of colloids (LSPC) has emerged as a convenient and scalable technique for the synthesis of ligand-free nanomaterials in sealed environments. In addition to the high-purity surface of LSPC-generated nanoparticles, other strengths of LSPC include its high throughput, convenience for preparing alloys or series of doped nanomaterials, and its continuous operation mode, suitable for downstream processing. Unscreened surface charge of LSPC-synthesized colloids is the key to achieving colloidal stability and high affinity to biomolecules as well as support materials,...

Laser Synthesis and Processing of Colloids: Fundamentals and Applications

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Sliding Friction-Physical Principles and Applications

The oxides of copper (CuxO) are fascinating materials due to their remarkable optical, electrical, thermal and magnetic properties. Nanostructuring of CuxO can further enhance the performance of this important functional material and provide it with unique properties that do not exist in its bulk form. Three distinctly different phases of CuxO, mainly CuO, Cu2O and Cu4O3, can be prepared by numerous synthesis techniques including, vapour deposition and liquid phase chemical methods. In this article, we present a review of nanostructured CuxO focusing on their material properties, methods of synthesis and an overview of various applications that have been associated with nanostructured CuxO.

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Nanostructured copper oxide semiconductors: a perspective on materials, synthesis methods and applications

Enzymes are highly efficient catalysts extensively employed in biotechnology. Among the many challenging aspects in this area, enzymes are yet difficult to obtain and purify, which makes them extremely expensive. Therefore, the industrial use of such expensive biocatalysts suffers from a critical point, which is the lack of efficient recovery processes. As a very promising strategy, superparamagnetic nanoparticles based on magnetite (Fe3O4) and maghemite (γ-Fe2O3) have been recently employed as supporting materials for enzymes, exhibiting striking characteristics, such as large surface area, mobility and high mass transference. More than that, they can be easily recovered by applying an external magnetic field. In addition to their excellent environmental compatibility, the use of such superparamagnetic nanoparticles represents an effective green chemistry approach, since it prolongs, through the successive recovery cycles, the useful lifetime of the biocatalyst. Several enzymes and biomolecules, including antibodies, albumin, α-chymotrypsin, aminopeptidase, acetylcholine esterase, amylase, amyloglucosidase, celullase, epoxide hydrolases, esterase, lipase, lysozyme, pectinases, phosphatase, pyruvate phosphate dikinase, trypsin, subtilisin, urease, chitosanase, haloalkane dehalogenase, RNA polymerase, lactate dehydrogenase, alcohol dehydrogenase, galactosidase, catalase, cholesterol oxidase, d -amino acid oxidase, cathecol dioxygenase, fructosyl amino acid oxidase, l -lactate dehydrogenase, xanthine oxidase, glucose oxidase, glucosidase, laccase, peroxidases, tyrosinase and so on, have been successfully immobilized onto magnetic nanoparticles, and the recent progress in this area is focused on this review.

Superparamagnetic nanoparticles as versatile carriers and supporting materials for enzymes

We solve numerically the nonlinear TDGL equations to study the vortex dynamics in a mesoscopic type II cylinder superconductor containing one rectangular hole in the presence of an external field applied perpendicular to the surfaces. We calculate the spatial distribution of the superconducting electron density and the phase of the superconducting order parameter using the numerical method based on the technique of gauge invariant variables. It is assumed that the inner hole edge is in contact with a material whose properties are accounted in the de Gennes boundary conditions with a parameter b (de Gennes extrapolation length), while the outer edge is in contact with vacuum. The dynamics of different vortex states and the magnetization curves are studied as a function of the external magnetic field.

Vortex arrays in superconducting cylinders

In the present era, high technology wireless communication and mobile communication systems require advanced ceramics as high frequency dielectric resonators. In the present work we have produced Ba2MgWO6 (BMW) ceramics and studied its structural, microstructural and mechanical properties. Ba2MgWO6 (BMW) ceramics belong to the Ba2MgTaO6 (BMT) and Ba2ZnTaO6 (BZT) ceramics family, which is well known ceramic material for the communication technology. There is little information available on materials characteristics of BMW ceramics. Structural characteristics of BMW ceramics were studied by X-ray diffractometry. Microstructural characteristics were studied by scanning electron microscopy and mechanical behavior was tested by Vickers micro-hardness tests on sintered BMW bodies. This article reports these characteristics of BMW ceramics and discusses its implications on application viability.

Production, Sintering and Microstructural Characteristics of Ba2MgWO6 Ceramics

Surface morphology of amorphous germanium thin films following thermal outgassing of SiO 2 /Si substrates

In this work we study vortex configurations on a thin superconducting spherical shell of radius R and thickness d ( R ≫ d ⩾ ξ ) with a magnetic dipole inside it. The point magnetic dipole (with magnetic moment, m z ) is oriented along one of the sphere main axis. It is placed a distance z 0 from the center of the sphere. Due to the symmetry of the sample, there are vortices and antivortices pancakes on the shell resulting in zero total vorticity. The vortex interactions with the shielding currents produced by the external fields – as well as with other vortices – are calculated within the London limit. The vortex configurations are obtained by solving numerically the Bardeen–Stephen equation of motion for the vortices. For z 0 ≈ 0 the most frequent vortex configurations present equal arrangements of vortices and antivortices on the north and south hemispheres. For z 0 ≈ 0.5 R , the diversity of vortex configurations increases, with a higher number of configurations (in comparison to smaller z 0 ) having different vortices and antivortices distributions on each shell hemisphere. We also study the equilibrium states dependence on the magnetic dipole strength and position.

J. Albino Aguiar

Papers

Vortex arrays in superconducting cylinders

Production, Sintering and Microstructural Characteristics of Ba2MgWO6 Ceramics

Surface morphology of amorphous germanium thin films following thermal outgassing of SiO 2 /Si substrates

Vortex configurations on a thin superconducting spherical shell in the presence of a magnetic dipole

Effects of substitution of CuO by NiS on the superconductivity in YBa2Cu3O7−δ