Effects of ethanol on lipid metabolism.

https://www.gastrojournal.org/article/S0016-5085(79)91337-4/pdf

Small Intestine Bacterial Overgrowth

Incorporation of ethanol (1.0 or 1.25 M) into exponential-phase cultures of Saccharomyces cerevisiae NCYC 366 growing anaerobically in a medium supplemented with ergosterol and an unsaturated fatty acid caused a retardation in growth rate, which was greater when the medium contained oleic rather than linoleic acid. Ethanol incorporation led to an immediate drop in growth rate, and ethanol-containing cultures grew at the slower rate for at least 10 h. Incorporation of ethanol (0.5 M) into buffered (pH 4.5) cell suspensions containing d-[6-3H] glucose, d-[1-14C] glucosamine, l-[U-14C] lysine or arginine, or KH232PO4 lowered the rate of solute accumulation by cells. Rates of accumulation of glucose, lysine and arginine were retarded to a greater extent when cells had been grown in the presence of oleic rather than linoleic acid. This difference was not observed with accumulation of phosphate. Ethanol was extracted from exponential-phase cells by four different methods. Cells grown in the presence of linoleic acid contained a slightly, but consistently, lower concentration of ethanol than cells grown in oleic acid-containing medium. The ethanol concentration in cells was 5–7 times greater than that in the cell-free medium.

Inhibitory effect of ethanol on growth and solute accumulation by Saccharomyces cerevisiae as affected by plasma-membrane lipid composition.

Small Intestinal Damage and Changes in Cell Population Produced by Ethanol Ingestion in the Rat

The basic facts of alcohol absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion were described clearly many years ago by Nicloux (1900) and Grehant (1907), among others. They showed that alcohol could be absorbed from the stomach or by inhalation in the lungs, distributed throughout the body fluids and tissues via the blood, eliminated only slowly via the lungs, kidneys, and skin, and removed chiefly by slow metabolic oxidation. Later work by a multitude of investigators has clarified the mechanisms, the quantitative relationships, and the influence of various physiological, pathological, and pharmacological factors upon these processes. Many excellent reviews and major studies were written at various stages in the development of knowledge in this field, including those by Mellanby (1919), Kochmann (1923), Miles (1924), Carpenter (1929), LeBreton (1934), Newman (1941), Goldberg (1943), Casier and Delaunois (1947), Elbel and Schleyer (1956), Himwich (1956), Harger and Forney (1963), and Mardones (1963).

J. E. Valenzuela

Papers

Alcohol and amino acid transport in the human small intestine.