The main goal of the present paper is to assess the available information so as to obtain a general procedure for dealing with the critical enhancement of the thermodynamic and transport properties of supercritical CO2 and CO2 containing binary mixtures for practical and scientific applications. The present review provides comprehensive analysis of the thermodynamic and transport properties of supercritical carbon dioxide and CO2 containing binary mixtures (experiment and theory) and their various technological and scientific applications in different natural and industrial processes. The available information for the thermodynamic and transport properties (experiment and theory) enhancement (anomaly) of supercritical carbon dioxide and SC CO2 + solute mixtures is comprehensively reviewed. The effect of long-range order parameter fluctuations on the thermodynamic and transport properties of supercritical fluids (SC CO2) will be discussed. Simplified scaling type equation based on mode-coupling theory of critical dynamics with two critical amplitudes and one cutoff wave number as fluid-specific parameters was used to accurately predict of the transport properties of supercritical carbon dioxide. The recommended values of the specific parameters (asymptotic critical amplitudes) of the carbon dioxide for practical (prediction of the thermodynamic and transport properties of the supercritical CO2 for technological applications) and scientific use were provided. The role of the critical line shapes of the carbon dioxide containing binary mixture (SC CO2+solvent) in determination of the critical behavior of the mixture near the critical point of pure supercritical solvent (CO2) is discussed. Krichevskii parameter concept for a description of thermodynamic behavior of dilute near-critical SC CO2+solute mixtures is also discussed. The structural and thermodynamic properties of the carbon dioxide containing binary mixtures near the critical point of pure solvent (CO2) are discussed.

Supercritical CO 2 : Properties and Technological Applications - A Review

A new equation of state for the thermodynamic properties of the fluid phase of sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) in the form of a fundamental equation explicit in the Helmholtz energy is presented. The functional form consists of a part describing the ideal-gas state and the residual part as the difference between the real-fluid and the ideal-gas behavior. The residual part was developed using state-of-the-art linear and nonlinear optimization algorithms. It contains 36 coefficients, which were fitted to selected data for the thermal and caloric properties of sulfur hexafluoride in the single-phase region and on the vapor-liquid phase boundary. Especially for the thermal properties in the critical region, a very extensive and high-precision data set was available. In this work, information on the experimental data for the thermodynamic properties and all details of the new equation are presented. The new equation of state describes the pρT surface of sulfur hexafluoride with an uncertainty in density of less than...

A Reference Equation of State for the Thermodynamic Properties of Sulfur Hexafluoride (SF6) for Temperatures from the Melting Line to 625K and Pressures up to 150MPa

Equations of state are presented for the refrigerants 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane (R-227ea) and 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluorobutane (R-365mfc). For R-227ea, the uncertainties in densities are 0.05 % in the liquid region up to 360 K, 0.3 % in the vapor phase, and 0.5 % in the supercritical region. For vapor pressures, the uncertainties are 0.1 % above 270 K and 0.4 % between 240 K and 270 K (with the higher value at the lower temperature). The uncertainty in heat capacities is 1 % (with increasing uncertainties in the critical region and at high temperatures). For sound speeds, the uncertainties are 0.05 % in the vapor phase up to pressures of 0.5 MPa and 0.03 % in the liquid phase between 280 K and 420 K. For R-365mfc, the uncertainties in densities of the equation of state range from 0.1 % in the liquid to 1 % near the critical point, and the uncertainty in the speeds of sound is 0.05 %. The uncertainty in heat capacities is 2 %, and the uncertainty in vapor pressures is 0.25 % at temperatures between 280 K...

Thermodynamic Properties of R-227ea, R-365mfc, R-115, and R-13I1

Flow-calorimetric results for the massic heat capacitycpand the Joule–Thomson coefficient of CH4, of (0.85CH4 + 0.15C2H6), and of a mixture similar to natural gas

A spherical resonator and acoustic signal measurement apparatus have been designed and developed for measuring the speed of sound in the gaseous phase. The inner radius of the spherical resonator, being about 6.177 cm, was determined by measuring the speed of sound in gaseous argon at temperatures between 293 and 323 K and at pressures up to 200 kPa. Measurements of the speed of sound in four halogenated hydrocarbons are presented, the compounds are chlorodifluoromethane (CHClF2 or HCFC-22), 1,1-difluoroethane (CH3CHF2 or HFC-152a), 1,1,1-trifluoroethane (CH3CF3 or HFC-143a), and propane (CH3CH2CH3 or HC-290). Ideal-gas heat capacities and acoustic virial coefficients were directly deduced from the present data. The results were compared with those from other studies. In this work, the experimental uncertainties in temperature, pressure, and speed of sound are estimated to be less than ±14 mK, ±2.0 kPa, and ±0.0037%, respectively. In addition, equations for the ideal-gas isobaric specific heat capacity for HFC-152a, HFC-143a, and propane are proposed, which are applicable in temperature ranges 240 to 400 K for HFC-152a, 250 to 400 K for HFC-143a, 225 to 375 K for propane. The purities for each of the samples of HCFC-22, HFC-152a, HFC-143a, and propane are better than 99.95 mass%.

Measurement of Speed of Sound with a Spherical Resonator: HCFC-22, HFC-152a, HFC-143a, and Propane

Flow-calorimetric specific heat capacities and Joule-Thomson coefficients of CF3CHFCF3 (R227) - a new working fluid in energy technics - at pressures up to 15 MPa and temperatures between 253 K and 423 K

Isochoric heat capacity cvof carbon dioxide and sulfur hexafluoride in the critical region

Massic heat capacities and Joule-Thomson coefficients of CH2FCF3 (R134a) at pressures up to 30 MPa and temperatures between about 253 K and 523 K

Acvcalorimeter of small dimension

Flow-calorimetric massic heat capacities and Joule–Thomson coefficients of CHF2Cl (Refrigerant R22) at pressures up to 15 MPa and temperatures between 300 K and 450 K

J. Gürtner

Papers

Flow-calorimetric specific heat capacities and Joule-Thomson coefficients of CF3CHFCF3 (R227) - a new working fluid in energy technics - at pressures up to 15 MPa and temperatures between 253 K and 423 K

Isochoric heat capacity cvof carbon dioxide and sulfur hexafluoride in the critical region

Massic heat capacities and Joule-Thomson coefficients of CH2FCF3 (R134a) at pressures up to 30 MPa and temperatures between about 253 K and 523 K

Acvcalorimeter of small dimension

Flow-calorimetric massic heat capacities and Joule–Thomson coefficients of CHF2Cl (Refrigerant R22) at pressures up to 15 MPa and temperatures between 300 K and 450 K