Manual of internal fixation , Manual of internal fixation , کتابخانه دیجیتال جندی شاپور اهواز

Manual of internal fixation

The role of fixator frame stiffness in the control of fracture healing. An experimental study

Starting with a review of the capabilities and main complications of external fixators, this paper shows how advances made during the past two decades have rendered the method safe, reliable, and predictable. Improved component designs, new techniques of pin care, the discovery of three basic concepts that govern the safe and effective application of pin and ring fixators, and the recognition that preoperative and long-term planning are crucial to the success of the method have made external fixation the most adaptable, versatile, and gentle method for stabilizing complex injuries of soft tissue and bone.

General theory and principles of external fixation.

Design and performance of a fracture monitoring transducer

The external fixator provides a mechanical connection between the bone fragments and recording devices or power systems. We have used this characteristic of external fixation since 1965 to record deformations occurring at the fracture site and to measure the mechanical characteristics of fracture healing in more than 500 patients. As in all osteosyntheses, the fixation material (here the external rod) resists the mechanical forces applied to the bone fragments. As healing progresses, the bone participates more and more in the weight bearing of the system and the rod deforms less. Seven types of deformation curves have been defined, characterizing seven different modes of healing: 1) normal healing, 2) slow healing, 3) delayed union, 4) arrest in evolution, 5) pseudarthrosis, 6) resorption of the callus, and 7) breakage of the callus.

J Kenwright

Papers

Analysis of Single-Sided External Fracture Fixation: