In the cultivation of Oyster Mushrooms need special treatment because oyster mushrooms are susceptible to disease. Mushroom growth will be inhibited if the temperature and humidity are not well controlled because temperature and inertia can affect mold growth. Oyster mushroom growth usually will be optimal at temperatures around 22-28°C and humidity around 70-90%. This problem is often encountered in the cultivation of oyster mushrooms. Therefore it is very important to control the temperature and humidity of the room of oyster mushroom cultivation. In this paper, we developed an automatic temperature monitoring tool in the cultivation of oyster mushroom-based Arduino Uno microcontroller. We have designed a tool that will control the temperature and humidity automatically by Android Smartphone. If the temperature increased more than 28°C in the room of mushroom plants, then this tool will turn on the pump automatically to run water in order to lower the room temperature. And if the room temperature of mushroom plants below of 22°C, then the light will be turned on in order to heat the room. Thus the temperature in the room oyster mushrooms will remain stable so that the growth of oyster mushrooms can grow with good quality.

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1742-6596/978/1/012031/pdf

Microcontroller based automatic temperature control for oyster mushroom plants

With the technological trends moving towards the Internet of Things (IoT), most of the continuous monitoring applications are migrating from wired networks to wireless low power short range communications. In a greenhouse, the continuous monitoring and management of the climatic conditions is of crucial importance. The paper presents an approach to the design and performance analysis of a flexible greenhouse monitoring wireless sensor module, based on general purpose microcontrollers and low power ZigBee communication modules. The results shows good performance in terms of functionality, accuracy, and overall cost. However, the measurements show that there is still space for system improvement in the sense of power consumption.

The design of a ZigBee-based greenhouse monitoring system

Environmental monitoring network along a mountain valley using embedded controllers

Wireless sensing is a state-of-the-art technology of acquiring information about a remote object and its characteristics without bringing into physical contact with it. Humans have various sensory systems, viz., vision, hear, and smell to observe the object from the remote in day-to-day life. The data from the surrounding can be acquired by means of acoustic waves, distribution of forces, and electromagnetic energy. The collected data can be analyzed to obtain useful information about the object and its characteristics. Swift progress in the microelectronics has resulted in faster response and accurate mode of signal detection. Keeping the technological progress in mind, this article discusses the fundamentals aspects and reviews the state of the artwork on wireless detection technology.

Wireless Sensing Systems: A Review

The development of autonomous greenhouses has caught the interest of many researchers and industrial considering their potential of offering an optimal environment for the growth of high-quality crops with minimum resources. Since an autonomous greenhouse is a mechatronic system, the consideration of its subsystem (e.g. heating systems) and component (e.g. actuators and sensors) interactions early in the design phase can ease the product development process. Indeed, this consideration could shorten the design process, reduce the number of redesign loops, and improve the performance of the overall mechatronic system. In the case of a greenhouse, it would lead to a higher quality of the crops and a better management of resources. In this work, the layout design of a general autonomous greenhouse is translated into an optimization problem statement while considering product-related dependencies. Then, a genetic algorithm is used to carry out the optimization of the layout design. The methodology is applied to the design of a fully autonomous greenhouse (45 cm × 30 cm × 30 cm) for the growth of plants in space. Although some objectives are conflictual, the developed algorithm proposes a compromise to obtain a near-optimal feasible layout design. The algorithm was also able to optimize the volume of components (occupied space) while considering the energy consumption and the overall mass. Their respective summed values are 2844.32 cm3, which represents 7% of the total volume, 5.86 W, and 655.8 g.

https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/595EB0855E340958F78E7DA6C3585277/S0890060420000384a.pdf/div-class-title-evolutionary-layout-design-synthesis-of-an-autonomous-greenhouse-using-product-related-dependencies-div.pdf

Evolutionary layout design synthesis of an autonomous greenhouse using product-related dependencies

The usage of Wireless Sensor Networks has become essentially important in recent years because of their ability to manage real-time data for various novel services. In this paper a novel ZigBee based energy efficient environmental monitoring, alerting and controlling system for agriculture is designed and implemented. This system utilizes an ARM7 processor, various sensors and ZigBee communication module. Sensors gather various physical data from the field in real time and transmit it to the processor and to the end user via ZigBee communication. Then necessary actions are initiated to perform action on behalf of people to reduce or eliminate the need of human labor. A wireless camera is connected to the processor to monitor the activities in real time. The proposed system has been tested for a month and satisfactory results have been observed, which indicate that this system is very useful for greenhouse environment monitoring, alerting and controlling various physical parameters in the field.

A ZigBee based energy efficient environmental monitoring alerting and controlling system

In the present generation, the safety of the mining workers is a major challenge. As days pass by, the use of coal is expanding step by step. Therefore, the number of workers for coal mining also increases. The mining safety system should be in such a way that it can provide a hazard-free working environment. There is no early warning system in place to detect the dangerous cause of coal mine accidents and give an alert system. This venture chiefly guarantees that it can give better working conditions to the laborers and lessen the mishap rate. This paper proposes interfacing different sensors to make a monitoring system for the laborers' safety in the mining industry. This can identify the different boundaries like dampness, temperature, noxious gas level noticeable all around, and the vibrations delivered in the functioning region. For these boundaries, various sorts of sensors which at that point, associated with the Arduino are utilized. The values collected by the sensors are transmitted to the Arduino computing environment. The sensor-based alert system works in terms of the threshold value. Consequently, the mobile phone's GSM module raises an alert to workers that can follow precautions and be careful, and also if the sensors exceed the threshold, then a buzzer and red led will be in an active state. Through this, the workers can understand that there is some problem ahead. Through this, the smart coal mine protection and surveillance system are designed for the mining workers. This project is not only useful for the coal mine workers but also will be very useful for everyone who is working in the mining industry.

J. Madhuri

Papers

A ZigBee based energy efficient environmental monitoring alerting and controlling system

Smart Coal Mine Safety & Monitoring System