Industrial automation based on cyber-physical systems technologies

Rapid urbanization creates new challenges and issues, and the smart city concept offers opportunities to rise to these challenges, solve urban problems and provide citizens with a better living environment. This paper presents an exhaustive literature survey of smart cities. First, it introduces the origin and main issues facing the smart city concept, and then presents the fundamentals of a smart city by analyzing its definition and application domains. Second, a data-centric view of smart city architectures and key enabling technologies is provided. Finally, a survey of recent smart city research is presented. This paper provides a reference to researchers who intend to contribute to smart city research and implementation.

A literature survey on smart cities

The VLDB journal : the international journal on very large data bases.

Future industrial systems can be realized using the cyber–physical systems (CPSs) that advocate the coexistence of cyber and physical counterparts in a network structure to perform the system’s functions in a collaborative manner. Multiagent systems share common ground with CPSs and can empower them with a multitude of capabilities in their efforts to achieve complexity management, decentralization, intelligence, modularity, flexibility, robustness, adaptation, and responsiveness. This work surveys and analyzes the current state of the industrial application of agent technology in CPSs, and provides a vision on the way agents can effectively enable emerging CPS challenges.

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Smart Agents in Industrial Cyber–Physical Systems

This paper presents one perspective on recent developments related to software engineering in the industrial automation sector that spans from manufacturing factory automation to process control systems and energy automation systems The survey's methodology is based on the classic SWEBOK reference document that comprehensively defines the taxonomy of software engineering domain This is mixed with classic automation artefacts, such as the set of the most influential international standards and dominating industrial practices The survey focuses mainly on research publications which are believed to be representative of advanced industrial practices as well

Software Engineering in Industrial Automation: State-of-the-Art Review

Service-oriented Multi-Agent Systems (SoMAS) is an approach to combine the fundamental characteristics of service-oriented and multi-agent methods into a new platform for industrial automation. Several research works already targeted the connection of these technologies, presenting different perspectives in how and why to join them. This research focuses on available efforts and solutions in the area of SoMAS and explains the idea behind the service-oriented agents in industrial automation. A SoMAS system is mainly composed by shared resources in form of services and their providing/requesting agents. The paper also discusses the required engineering aspects of these systems, from the internal anatomy to the interaction patterns. Parameters of flexibility, reconfiguration, autonomy and reduced development efforts were considered and they should be the trademark of SoMAS. Aiming to illustrate the proposed approach, an example of service-oriented automation agents is given.

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Service-Oriented Agents for Collaborative Industrial Automation and Production Systems

Service-orientation represents a new wave of features and solutions by bringing closer Information Technology to the industrial domain, particularly factory shop floors. The service-oriented automation software entities (designated here by bots) used in such approach requires a short set of methodologies and software targeting their specification for both computer systems and embedded automation devices. The present work explains the adopted methodologies and software developments for the engineering of service-based automation systems. The main contents focus on the specification of a framework for the development of bots and supporting engineering tools that are part of the Continuum project. The paper also does an overview over the engineering steps from the system design to the operation, and focuses the importance of the maintenance of automation bots. Such applications will contribute to decrease the development time and reduce the components' interdependency, offering enough flexibility for automatic reconfiguration of shop-floor layouts.

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Software Methodologies for the Engineering of Service-Oriented Industrial Automation: The Continuum Project

The use of service-orientation principles in manufacturing systems is a promising solution to achieve modularity, flexibility, re-configurability and interoperability. Crucial issues in these service-oriented systems are the description and co-ordination of the execution of the services offered by the distributed entities. This paper introduces an integrated approach for the design, analysis, validation, simulation and process execution of service-oriented manufacturing systems, using the High-level Petri net formalism as the formal language to describe the system behaviour. The use of the proposed approach contributes to achieving an easier and faster development of these solutions and provides the basis to support modularity and re-configurability.

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High-level Petri nets for the process description and control in service-oriented manufacturing systems

Engineering frameworks are currently required to support the easy, low-cost, modular and integrated development of manufacturing systems addressing the emergent requirements of re-configurability, responsiveness and robustness. This paper discusses the integration of 2D/3D digital software tools with Petri net based service-oriented frameworks to allow the design, configuration, analysis, validation, simulation, monitoring and control of manufacturing systems in a virtual environment and its posterior smooth migration into the real "physical" environment. An experimental case study was implemented to validate the proposed concepts, using the Continuum platform to design, compose, analyze, validate and simulate the Petri nets based service-oriented manufacturing control system, and the Delmia AutomationTM software suite to support the rapid prototyping and the easy simulation of the designed control solution. The experimental results prove several aspects of the proposed approach, notably the smooth migration between the design and the operation phases, one of the main objectives of the work.

Integration of virtual and real environments for engineering service-oriented manufacturing systems

This paper describes a solution for the control of service-oriented devices based on modular and special adapted high-level Petri nets process description of intra- and inter-control activities The procedure is applied on a case study scenario, corresponding to a real transfer system made of several control devices represented as service-oriented components able to share information between them The high-level Petri Nets are adapted to associable models applicable to describe control processes and sufficient elastic for different control strategies Valuable and flexible control features are obtained from its application, such as an integrated methodology for the modular control with decision support and validation

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J. Marco Mendes

Papers

Service-Oriented Agents for Collaborative Industrial Automation and Production Systems

Software Methodologies for the Engineering of Service-Oriented Industrial Automation: The Continuum Project

High-level Petri nets for the process description and control in service-oriented manufacturing systems

Integration of virtual and real environments for engineering service-oriented manufacturing systems

High-Level Petri Nets control modules for service-oriented devices: A case study