There are dozens of studies made and ongoing related to wind integration. However, the results are not easy to compare. IEA WIND R&D Task 25 on 'Design and Operation of Power Systems with Large ...

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Impacts of large amounts of wind power on design and operation of power systems, results of IEA collaboration

There are already several power systems coping with large amounts of wind power. Hi h penetration of wind power has impacts that have to be manage through proper plant interconnection, integration, ...

Design and operation of power systems with large amounts of wind power

The integration of intermittent generation in power grids, such as wind energy, imposes new challenges for transmission congestion management In order to solve this problem, energy storage systems (ESS) have been proposed in the literature, as they provide an efficient mechanism for balancing variability while reducing operational costs This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the dynamic interactions between wind energy curtailment and an energy storage system (ESS) when the ramping rates of power plants are considered An analytical framework is developed to study different mitigation measures in terms of total energy curtailed, total congestion costs, line load factor and congestion probability This framework is tested in a real case study and a sensitivity analysis is performed to identify the influence of the main ESS design parameters in congestion mitigation performance

Wind Power Curtailment and Energy Storage in Transmission Congestion Management Considering Power Plants Ramp Rates

Owing to wind power inherent characteristics and technical constraints of power systems operation, a considerable amount of wind energy cannot be delivered to load centers and gets curtailed. Transmission congestion together with temporal mismatch between load and available wind power can be accounted as the main reasons for this unpleasant event. This paper aims to concentrate on the wind energy curtailment for which it provides a combinatorial planning model to maximize wind power utilization. Jointly operating the wind power generation system with pumped hydro energy storage (PHES), the planning procedure tries to reach schemes with the minimum level of wind energy curtailment as well as low imposed cost of transmission network reinforcement. In this regard, a well-organized posterior multi-objective (MO) optimization framework is proposed aimed to properly deal with wind energy curtailment cost, total social cost, and also storage units' revenue as some unavoidable factors in planning studies of power systems. The presented method is conducted on the modified IEEE Reliability Test System (IEEE-RTS) and the obtained results introduce its applicability and efficiency in planning procedure of the renewable-based power systems.

On the Use of Pumped Storage for Wind Energy Maximization in Transmission-Constrained Power Systems

With increasing penetrations of wind generation, based on power-electronic converters, power systems are transitioning away from well-understood synchronous generator-based systems, with growing implications for their stability. Issues of concern will vary with system size, wind penetration level, geographical distribution and turbine type, network topology, electricity market structure, unit commitment procedures, and other factors. However, variable-speed wind turbines, both onshore and connected offshore through DC grids, offer many control opportunities to either replace or enhance existing capabilities. Achieving a complete understanding of future stability issues, and ensuring the effectiveness of new measures and policies, is an iterative procedure involving portfolio development and flexibility assessment, generation cost simulations, load flow, and security analysis, in addition to the stability analysis itself, while being supported by field demonstrations and real-world model validation. WIREs Energy Environ 2017, 6:e216. doi: 10.1002/wene.216

For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website.

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Technical impacts of high penetration levels of wind power on power system stability

The best conditions for the development of wind farms are in remote, open areas with low population density. The transmission system in such areas might not be dimensioned to accommodate additional large-scale power infeed. Furthermore a part of the existing transmission capacity might already be reserved for conventional power plants situated in the same area. In this paper four alternatives for large-scale wind power integration in power systems with transmission bottlenecks are considered: revision of the methods for calculation of available transmission capacity, transmission network reinforcement, excess wind energy curtailments and excess wind energy storage in hydro reservoirs. The paper provides a discussion on each of the four aforementioned alternatives based on the existing research.

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J. Matevosyan

Papers

Wind power integration in power systems with transmission bottlenecks