Méthodes : Sur une série de 31 femmes présentant des varices périnéales d’origine extrasaphéniennes ayant bénéficié d’une exploration radiologique veineuse pelvienne et de l’embolisation des veines incontinentes nous avons étudié les résultats et les corrélations anatomo-clinique entre les varices et les signes cliniques de l’insuffisance veineuse pelvienne. Un sous-groupe B de 23 patientes présentant une insuffisance veineuse pelvienne et des signes cliniques a été comparé à un groupe A de 4 patientes qui ne présentaient pas d’insuffisance veineuse pelvienne à l’exploration. Nous avons choisi d’étudier 3 signes cliniques : la douleur pelvienne et la douleur des membres inférieurs survenant au début ou pendant les règles ainsi que la dyspareunie. La symptomatologie a été évaluée sur une échelle analogique de 0 à 10 et un score clinique (de 0 à 30) a été établi en ajoutant ces 3 chiffres.

http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/BF02973687.pdf

Références bibliographiques: La fibroscopie bronchique

Upright standing and walking tasks require the integration of several sources of sensory information In a normal and highly predictable environment, locomotor synergies involving several muscles may take place at lower spinal levels with neural circuitry tuned by local loops of assistance or self-organizing processes generated in coordinative networks When ongoing regulation of gait is necessary (obstacles, changes in direction) supraspinal involvement is necessary to perform movements adapted to the environment Using a classical information processing framework and a dual-task methodology, it is possible to evaluate the attentional demands for performing static and dynamic equilibrium tasks The present experiment evaluates whether the attentional requirements for a control sitting condition and for standing and walking conditions vary with the intrinsic balance demands of the tasks The results show that standing and walking conditions required more attention than sitting in a chair The attentional cost for walking was also significantly greater than for standing For the walking task, reaction times when subjects were in singlesupport phase (small base of support) were significantly longer than those in double-support phase, suggesting that the attentional demands increased with an increase in the balance requirements of the task Balance control requires a continuous regulation and integration of sensory inputs; increasing balance demands loads the higher level cognitive system

Attentional demands for static and dynamic equilibrium

Understanding the roles of vision in the control of human locomotion

People coordinate the force and direction of skilled actions with target locations and adjust the calibrations to compensate for changing circumstances. Are the adjustments globally organized (adjusting a particular action to fit a particular circumstance would generalize to all actions in the same circumstance); anatomically specific (every effector is adjusted independently of others); of functional (adjustments would generalize to all actions serving the same goal and generating the same perceptible consequences)? Across 10 experiments, changes in the calibration of walking, throwing, and turning-in-place were induced, and generalization of changes in calibration to functionally related and unrelated actions were tested. The experiments demonstrate that humans rapidly adjust the calibration of their walking, turning, and throwing to changing circumstances, and a functional model of perceptual-motor organization is suggested.

Calibration of human locomotion and models of perceptual-motor organization.

The biomechanics and motor control of gait in Parkinson disease.

Dynamics of gait adjustments required to go over obstacles and to alter direction of locomotion when cued visually were assessed through the measurement of ground reaction forces, muscle activity, and kinematics. The time of appearance of obstacles of varying heights, their position within the step cycle, and cue lights for direction change were varied. Direction change must be planned in the previous step to reduce the acceleration of the body center of mass toward the landing foot to 0. The inability of steering within the step cycle is due to the incapacity of muscles to rotate the body and translate it along the mediolateral axes. For obstacle avoidance, Ss systematically manipulated the gait patterns as a function of obstacle height and position and the time available within the ongoing step. Greater supraspinal involvement in control of locomotion is found.

http://psycnet.apa.org/journals/xhp/17/3/603.pdf

J. Neufeld

Papers

Visual control of locomotion: strategies for changing direction and for going over obstacles