J. Y. Liu

TL;DR: In this article, the four-peaked structure of the equatorial ionosphere during the 24-hour local time period is observed by the FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC satellite constellation.

TL;DR: In this article, a statistical analysis of the occurrence probability of equatorial spread F irregularities measured by the Communication/Navigation Outage Forecasting System satellite during 2008-2012 is presented.

Abstract: [1] We report seismo-ionospheric precursors of anomalous decreases in the total electron content (TEC) appearing day 5 prior to an M9.3 earthquake, the largest one in the last five decades, which occurred in Sumatra-Andaman, Indonesia on 26 December 2004. Sequences of global ionosphere maps of the TEC derived from worldwide ground-based receivers of the global positioning system (GPS) are used to statistically study the temporal and spatial precursors of the earthquake. It was found that the temporal precursor of the GPS TEC around the epicenter was significantly reduced during the afternoon period on d 5 before the earthquake. The spatial precursors prominently, persistently, and simultaneously appear around the epicenter and its conjugate areas of the Sumatra-Andaman earthquake.

TL;DR: In this paper, the three-dimensional global morphology and seasonal variations of scintillation index (S4 index) measured from the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) intensity fluctuations of L1 channel of GPS radio occultation (RO) signals using F3/C satellites for a low solar activity year 2008 were presented.

TL;DR: In this article, Liyutan station, about 8 kilometers from the northern end of the Chelungpu fault, fluctuated significantly for more than a month prior to the Chi-Chi earthquake.