From porcelain-fused-to-metal to zirconia: clinical and experimental considerations.

The goal of the current publication is to provide a comprehensive literature review on the topic of dental implant materials. The following paper focuses on conventional titanium implants and more recently introduced and increasingly popular zirconia implants. Major subtopics include the material science and the clinical considerations involving both implant materials and the influence of their physical properties on the treatment outcome. Titanium remains the gold standard for the fabrication of oral implants, even though sensitivity does occur, though its clinical relevance is not yet clear. Zirconia implants may prove to be promising in the future; however, further in vitro and well-designed in vivo clinical studies are needed before such a recommendation can be made. Special considerations and technical experience are needed when dealing with zirconia implants to minimize the incidence of mechanical failure.

https://pure.uva.nl/ws/files/2531883/164424_484372.pdf

A Critical Review of Dental Implant Materials with an Emphasis on Titanium versus Zirconia

https://www.journalofprosthodonticresearch.com/article/S1883-1958(16)00009-8/pdf

Advancements in CAD/CAM technology: Options for practical implementation

Ceramic dental biomaterials and CAD/CAM technology: state of the art.

3D Printed Versus Conventionally Cured Provisional Crown and Bridge Dental Materials

Although clinicians routinely aim to provide a prosthesis with an accurate fit on implants, a degree of prosthesis misfit is inevitable. This exploratory pilot animal study evaluated the effects of framework vertical misfit and the timing of implant loading on implant position and screw loosening. Four implants were placed in healed ridges of each side of mandibles of 3 sheep. On the right side, 2 immediate frameworks were placed after 2 days. One framework was fitting, and the other one had a vertical gap of 0.5 mm on the distal implant. After 8 weeks (first review), the left side received 2 conventional frameworks with similar fit conditions to the right side. All animals were euthanized after 8 weeks (second review). At the first and second reviews, implant-level impressions were taken to measure the vertical displacement of distal implants, and the loosening torque values of the retaining screws were measured. The loosening torque values for the immediate fitting frameworks were considerably greater than the immediate misfitting frameworks. This was noticeable at the first review. At the second review, the loosening torque values were comparable to the immediate fitting and misfitting frameworks. Vertical implant displacement was observed for all misfitting frameworks. However, much greater implant displacement occurred under the immediate frameworks. Therefore, implant frameworks with vertical misfit in the present study were associated with less screw stability and more implant displacement. Retightening the retaining screws during the maturation of bone seemed to maintain the torque values.

Implications of Implant Framework Misfit: An Animal Study on an Ovine Model.

The integration of modern technologies in removable prosthodontics in terms of complete denture fabrication has revolutionized fabrication procedures, improved outcomes, and led to advancements in denture materials. Numerous publications have described the digital techniques of complete denture fabrication. The steps described in these publications for the proposed digital workflow are diverse. This is suggestive of the flexibility of these modern techniques in terms of their integration with the steps of conventional protocols. Automated technologies have reduced the need for skilled manual work, while particular knowledge and a new skills set are required for both clinicians and dental technicians. Moreover, the effectiveness and efficacy of these modern technologies in complete denture fabrication are yet to be determined. To consolidate the existing literature on digital techniques of complete denture fabrication, this review summarizes the current digital workflows of the clinical and laboratory stages, describes the digital alternatives in each step, and discusses their advantages and limitations.

Jaafar Abduo

Papers

Implications of Implant Framework Misfit: An Animal Study on an Ovine Model.

Current techniques for digital complete denture fabrication.