Data Mining - Concepts and Techniques.

In the last decades, 3D city models appear to have been predominantly used for visualisation; however, today they are being increasingly employed in a number of domains and for a large range of tasks beyond visualisation. In this paper, we seek to understand and document the state of the art regarding the utilisation of 3D city models across multiple domains based on a comprehensive literature study including hundreds of research papers, technical reports and online resources. A challenge in a study such as ours is that the ways in which 3D city models are used cannot be readily listed due to fuzziness, terminological ambiguity, unclear added-value of 3D geoinformation in some instances, and absence of technical information. To address this challenge, we delineate a hierarchical terminology (spatial operations, use cases, applications), and develop a theoretical reasoning to segment and categorise the diverse uses of 3D city models. Following this framework, we provide a list of identified use cases of 3D city models (with a description of each), and their applications. Our study demonstrates that 3D city models are employed in at least 29 use cases that are a part of more than 100 applications. The classified inventory could be useful for scientists as well as stakeholders in the geospatial industry, such as companies and national mapping agencies, as it may serve as a reference document to better position their operations, design product portfolios, and to better understand the market.

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Applications of 3D City Models: State of the Art Review

Semiology of Graphics: Diagrams Networks Maps.

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The trouble with computers: Usefulness, usability and productivity

Towards a three-dimensional cost-effective registration of the archaeological heritage

3D geometrical modeling of excavation units at the archaeological site of Tell ‘Acharneh (Syria)

The current cadastral system in the province of Quebec is a graphical one in the sense that it presents the limits and the official measures of the property on a 2D digital map. To be able to represent superimposed properties like condominium, the Quebec cadastre uses “le cadastre vertical” that is a polygon with a number that refers to an external complementary plan (PC). This plan shows vertical profile of the properties and a detail draw of each floor (private and common parts). A single PC-number could refer to hundreds of lots and plans depending on the geometric complexity of the building. The understanding of the spatial arrangement of all superimposed properties contained in the PC file is a tricky mental exercise. To help users of the cadastre vertical, a semi-automatic procedure is proposed that enables the construction of a volumetric representation from the PC image file. In this specific constraint situation, the various data processing steps are described starting with the vectorization (from image to vectors), the 3D modeling (the construction of the volumetric representation) and finally the data exchange. The ins and outs of every data processing, the time and efforts required to achieve each step are discussed, and we conclude with remarks made by the end users about potential usages of such cadastral volumetric representation.

/pdf/3d-cadastre-in-the-province-of-quebec-a-first-experiment-for-9y35a29x5n.pdf

3D Cadastre in the Province of Quebec: A First Experiment for the Construction of a Volumetric Representation

The integration of the 3rd dimension in the production of spatial representation is largely recognized as a valuable approach to comprehend our reality, that is 3D. During the last decade developments in 3D Geoinformation (GI) system have made substantial progress. We are about to have a more complete spatial model and understanding of our planet in different scales. Hence, various communities and cities offer 3D landscape and 3D city models as valuable source and instrument for sustainable management of rural and urban resources. Also municipal utilities, real estate companies benefit from recent developments related to 3D applications. In order to present recent developments and to discuss future trends, academics and practitioners met at the 7th International Workshop on 3D Geoinformation. This book comprises a selection of evaluated, high quality papers that were presented at this workshop in May 2012. The topics focus explicitly on the last achievements (methods, algorithms, models, systems) with respect to 3D GeoInformation requirements. The book is aimed at decision makers and experts as well at students interested in the 3D component of geographical information science including GI engineers, computer scientists, photogrammetrists, land surveyors, urban planners, and mapping specialists.

Progress and New Trends in 3D Geoinformation Sciences

How the ISO 19152 Land Administration Domain Model performs in the comparison of cadastral systems: A case study of condominium/co-ownership in Quebec (Canada) and Alsace Moselle (France)

Jacynthe Pouliot

Papers

3D geometrical modeling of excavation units at the archaeological site of Tell ‘Acharneh (Syria)

3D Cadastre in the Province of Quebec: A First Experiment for the Construction of a Volumetric Representation

Progress and New Trends in 3D Geoinformation Sciences

How the ISO 19152 Land Administration Domain Model performs in the comparison of cadastral systems: A case study of condominium/co-ownership in Quebec (Canada) and Alsace Moselle (France)

Reasoning about geological space