We test whether significant differences in mental illness exist in a matched sample of Mental illness and the criminal justice system. In T. L. Scheid T. N. Brown (Eds.), A handbook for the study of mental health: Social contexts, theories. Find 9780521567633 A Handbook for the Study of Mental Health : Social Contexts, Theories, and Systems by Horwitz et al at over 30 bookstores. Buy, rent. A review of mental health problems in fathers following the birth of a child. for the study of mental health:Social contexts, theories, and systems (2nd ed., pp.

A Handbook for the Study of Mental Health: Social Contexts, Theories, and Systems

Egalitarian society is \"explained\" chiefly in terms of ecological or social factors that are self-organizing. However, egalitarian behavior is found in a wide variety of social and ecological settings, and the indications are that such societies are deliberately shaped by their members. This paper looks to egalitarian behavior as an instance of domination of leaders by their own followers, who are guided by an ethos that disapproves of hierarchical behavior in general and of bossiness in leaders in particular. A substantial cross-cultural survey reveals the specific mechanisms by which the political rank and file creates a reverse dominance hierarchy, an anomalous social arrangement which has important implications for cross-phylogenetic comparisons and for the theory of state formation.

Egalitarian Behavior and Reverse Dominance Hierarchy [and Comments and Reply]

There is hardly a more romantic image in anthropology than that of a small band of hunter-gatherers setting off into the bush, their few belongings on their backs. Mobility, in fact, has long been considered a defining characteristic of hunter-gatherers. At the Man the Hunter conference, for example, Lee & DeVore (101:1 1) assumed that all hunter-gatherers "move around a lot." This is not entirely accurate, for many hunter-gatherers move infrequently-some less than many "sedentary" horticultural societies. Early concepts of mobility blinded us to the fact that mobility is universal, variable, and multi-dimensional. Partly because of these concepts, and partly because we do not understand the relationships between movement and material culture, archaeologists have had difficulty identifying different forms and levels of mobility. This is especially true in defining and then detecting sedentism. It is important that we learn to recognize the various forms of mobility archaeologically, because the ways people move exert strong influences on their culture and society. In his classic study, Mauss (105), for example, related the Inuit's seasonal mobility to their moral and religious life. Sahlins (136) saw mobility as conditioning cultural attitudes towards material goods. Currently, archaeologists focus attention on the sedentarization process because reduced mobility precipitates dramatic changes in food storage, trade, territoriality, social and gender inequality, male/female work patterns, subsis-

https://www.jstor.org/stable/info/2155980

Mobility/Sedentism: Concepts, Archaeological Measures, and Effects

This article explores the impact of gender diversity on school achievement. Using data obtained from an ethnographic study of academic success in an urban high school, this analysis examines how the normalized definition of femaleness-white middle-class womanhood-juxtaposed with a two-tiered dominating patriarchy, propels African-American females to resist consuming images that assert their "nothingness." "Loudness,"' thus becomes a metaphor for African-American women's contrariness, embodying their resistance to this proclaimed "nothingness." How "loudness" reflects their efforts to subvert the repercussions of these prevailing images is examined along with an assessment of its impact on academic achievement. GENDER DIVERSITY, BLACK FEMALES, RESISTANCE, ACADEMIC SUCCESS, GENDER "PASSING"

“Those Loud Black Girls”: (Black) Women, Silence, and Gender “Passing” in the Academy

Social Stratification in Polynesia

"If the broad problem in political anthropology is to understand the origin and variety of inequality, that in legal anthropology is to understand the maintenance of inequality" (3: 40). Both the Outline of Cultural Materials(1 14: 7478) and Notes and Queries (133: 93-97) devote considerable attention to the nature and types of social stratification and social mobility, but there is no corresponding treatment of equality and egalitarianism. This neglect of the structure of egalitarian systems is due, at least in part, to the acceptance of a general evolutionary model that postulates a primeval egalitarian community. Inequalities develop through evolutionary differentiation. Fried places the concept of equality at the very foundation of the transition from precultural hominid society (58: 106). The "reduction in the significance of individual dominance" (58: 106) became, not a cultural characteristic subject to variation, but rather a condition of humanity itself. Having naturalized equality, social science faced the problem of explaining the origin and maintenance of inequality (16, 55). The distinction between state and stateless societies (57, 109) has long provided the point of departure for anthropologists addressing the problem of egalitarianism (e.g. 56). Fortes & Evans-Pritchard, for example, divide African political systems into three types (57: 6) of which they describe only two. The first consists of societies that are unequivocally hierarchical and fall outside our present purview. However, they provide the negative case by which the concept of egalitarian society was defined (57, 109). The second consists of "societies which lack centralized authority," in which there are "no sharp divisions of rank, status, and wealth" (57: 5), and in which "distinctions

James G. Flanagan

Papers

Hierarchy in Simple "Egalitarian" Societies