James M. Gladden

TL;DR: In this article, the authors present the Team Association Model, a scale that identifies dimensions of brand associations, a major contributor to the creation of brand equity, and evaluate the applicability of each potential dimension on a national sample of sport consumers.

TL;DR: This paper developed a conceptual framework of brand equity applied to Division I college athletics, where antecedents (team related, university related, and market-related) create brand equity that then results in marketplace consequences (e.g., national television exposure, ticket sales).

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the relationship between brand associations and brand loyalty in US professional sport and found positive relationships between fan identification, escape, nostalgia, and product delivery, and negative relationships were found between tradition, star players, and peer group acceptance.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the relationship between brand associations (anything in the consumer's mind linked to a specific team brand) and brand loyalty in US professional sport and found positive relationships between fan identification, escape, nostalgia, and product delivery, and negative relationships were found between tradition, star players, and peer group acceptance.

TL;DR: The Japanese Professional Soccer League (J. League) began in 1993 and was the first professional soccer league in Japan as discussed by the authors and seven motives for J. League spectators were identified in the current study (drama, vicarious achievement, aesthetics, team attachment, player attachment, sport attachment, and community pride).