http://ase.tufts.edu/nano-cel/publications/modelingHeatTransferNonAdiabatic.pdf

Modelling of heat transfer in non-adiabatic monolith reactors and experimental comparisons of metal monoliths with packed beds

Platinum or other platinum-group metals can be deposited substantially on the surface only of pellets of a refractory catalyst support by impregnation with an aqueous solution of such as hexammonium platinum tetrasulfite. The resulting catalysts contain relatively small total amounts of platinum-group metal positioned primarily at the surface, yet are as highly active as catalysts uniformly impregnated throughout the body of the pellet and containing much larger amounts of platinum-group metal. The catalyst further can contain thenium.

Platinum group metal catalyst on the surface of a support and a process for preparing same

The present disclosure relates to a substrate comprising nanomaterials for treatment of gases, washcoats for use in preparing such a substrate, and methods of preparation of the nanomaterials and the substrate comprising the nanomaterials. More specifically, the present disclosure relates to a substrate comprising nanomaterial for three-way catalytic converters for treatment of exhaust gases.

Three-way catalytic converter using nanoparticles

Four light-duty vehicles (two diesel, one flex-fuel, and one gasoline vehicle) were tested as part of an intercomparison exercise of the world-harmonized light-duty vehicle test procedure (WLTP) aiming at measuring real-time ammonia emissions from the vehicles’ raw exhaust at the tailpipe. The tests were conducted in the Vehicle Emission Laboratory (VELA) at the European Commission Joint Research Centre (EC-JRC), Ispra, Italy. HORIBA, CGS, and the Sustainable Transport Unit of the Joint Research Centre (JRC) took part in the measurement and analysis of the four vehicles’ exhaust emissions over the world-harmonized light-duty vehicle test cycle class 3, version 5.3 using a HORIBA MEXA 1400 QL-NX, a CGS BLAQ-Sys, and the JRC Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, respectively. The measured ammonia concentrations and the emission profiles revealed that these three instruments are suitable to measure ammonia from the vehicles’ raw exhaust, presenting no significant differences. Furthermore, results showed that measurement of ammonia from the vehicle exhaust using online systems can be performed guaranteeing the reproducibility and repeatability of the results. While no ammonia was detected for any of the two diesel vehicles (even though, one was equipped with a selective catalytic reduction system), we report average ammonia emission factors 8–10 mg/km (average concentrations 20–23 ppm) and 10–12 mg/km (average concentrations 22–24 ppm) for the flex-fuel and gasoline vehicles, respectively.

/pdf/intercomparison-of-real-time-tailpipe-ammonia-measurements-5e8dowszzi.pdf

Intercomparison of real-time tailpipe ammonia measurements from vehicles tested over the new world-harmonized light-duty vehicle test cycle (WLTC)

The present invention relates to an absorbent article, such as for use in hygienic applications, which has an ultimate fluid storage region, and a fluid distribution region positioned between the ultimate storage region and the garment oriented surface of the article, which is in fluid communication with the ultimate fluid storage region, whereby the ultimate fluid storage region comprises material which has (1) a Capillary Sorption Desorption Capacity at 100 cm (CSDC 100) of at least 10 g/g; which further has (2) a Capillary Sorption Desorption Capacity at 0 cm (CSDC 0) higher than said CSDC 100 and which thereby has (3) a Loosely Bound Liquid Capacity (LBLC) as the difference between (CSDC 0 and CSDC 100); and which has (4) a Capillary Sorption Desorption Release Height when 50 % of said LBLC are released (CSDRH 50) of less than 60 cm. Further, the liquid distribution layer comprises material having a Capillary Sorption Absorption Height at 30 % of its maximum capacity (CSAH 30) of at least 35 cm. Particularly suitable distribution material for the present invention can be foam materials, preferably polymeric foam derived from high internal phase water-in-oil emulsions.

Absorbent articles with distribution materials positioned underneath storage material

THE PRESENT INVENTION IS CONCERNED WITH CATALYSTS IN WHICH THE ACTIVE COMPONENTS ARE HIGHLY DISPERSED AND STABLE NOBLE METALS. IN ONE SPECIFIC ASPECT, THE INVENTION DEALS WITH CATALYST USEFUL IN THE REDUCTION OR ELIMINATION OF NOXIOUS COMPONENTS IN AUTO EXHAUST GASES. IN ANOTHER SPECIFIC ASPECT, THE INVENTION DEALS WITH THE STABILIZATION OF NOBLE METALS BY SELECTED SUPPORTS.

Noble metal catalysts

A process for preparing a catalyst that has improved activity and efficiency for conversion of hydrocarbons is disclosed. The catalyst is prepared by applying sulfito complexes have the emperical formula M 6 (x) (SO 3 ) 4 where M is H+ NA+, K+ or NH 4 + and x is platinum, palladium or mixtures thereof. In addition, the compounds M 2 (x) (SO 3 ) 2 and M 2 (x) (SO 3 ) 2 also have utility in our process. The complex salt is impregnated onto a support and activated by calcination in air or heating in a reducing atmosphere.

Auto exhaust catalysts prepared from sulfite treated platinum and palladium salt solutions

The application of single stone-monolith catalytic substrates to automobile emission control (oxidation of hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide) is discussed, with particular emphasis on physical and chemical properties, affecting catalyst performance and durability. A monolithic substrate coated with a thin layer of active alumina spread uniformly over the geometric surface permits an active metal such as platinum to be nearly monotomically dispersed, thus serving to optimize catalytic efficiency. Laboratory tests indicate that nearly complete conversion of CO and hydrocarbons occurs in time intervals of as little as 10 to 50 milliseconds with monolithic converters. Problems that remain in monolith development include cracking from stresses, internal melting as a result of uncontrolled exotherms, and difficulties arising in the mounting between the monolith and steel container.

James Richard Graham

Papers

Noble metal catalysts

Auto exhaust catalysts prepared from sulfite treated platinum and palladium salt solutions

The Single Stone-Monolith Substrate as a Catalytic Unit for Auto Emission Control

Katalysator fuer kraftfahrzeugabgase sowie verfahren zu dessen herstellung