Carbohydrates as ligands: coordination equilibria and structure of the metal complexes

Metal-polysaccharide complexes—Part I

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Ion selective electrodes, potentiometry, and potentiometric titrations.

The reductive decolourisation of textile dyestuffs containing an azo group was investigated by direct cathodic electron transfer CI Acid Red 27 and CI Acid Yellow 9 were used as model compounds for azo dyes. Reactive dyes, eg CI Reactive Red 4, CI Reactive Orange 4, and CI Reactive Black 5, which are in technical use for cellulose dyeing were investigated as representatives of practical importance. A basic characterisation of the reduction–decolourisation behaviour of the dyes was achieved by redox titration with Fe(II)–triethanolamine as reducing agent and parallel spectrophotometric observation of changes in the chromogenic system. From the redox titration experiments basic data describing the experimental conditions for successful cathodic electron transfer can be derived. The electrochemical dyestuff reduction experiments were performed in batch trials using a multi-cathode electrolyser with high cathode area. According to the typical composition of such dyebaths 0.12 mol dm−3 NaOH was used as ground electrolyte. The absorbance of the investigated dyestuff solutions could be decreased to below 20% of the initial value. For a 50% decrease in absorbance, electrical energy of about 6 kWh m−3 is consumed. The process is of particular interest for the treatment of concentrated dyestuff solutions as they are used in continuous dyeing processes.



© 2001 Society of Chemical Industry

Cathodic decolourisation of textile waste water containing reactive dyes using a multi‐cathode electrolyser

Data on the interaction of natural carbohydrates (mono-, oligo-, and poly-saccharides, amino sugars, and natural organic acids of carbohydrate origin) with metal cations are surveyed and described systematically. The structural diversity of carbohydrate metal complexes, caused by some specific features of carbohydrates as ligands, is demonstrated. The influence of complex formation on the chemical properties of carbohydrates is discussed. It is shown that the formation of metal complexes plays an important role in the configurational and conformational analysis of carbohydrates. The practical significance of the coordination interaction in the series of carbohydrate ligands is demonstrated. The bibliography includes 571 references.

http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1070/RC1998v067n08ABEH000343/pdf

Jan Dole·zal

Papers

Some possibilities of redox titrations with iron(ii) sulphate in an alkaline mannitol medium