The present historical moment may seem a particularly inopportune time to review Bowling Alone, Robert Putnam's latest exploration of civic decline in America. After all, the outpouring of volunteerism, solidarity, patriotism, and self-sacrifice displayed by Americans in the wake of the September 11 terrorist attacks appears to fly in the face of Putnam's central argument: that \"social capital\" -defined as \"social networks and the norms of reciprocity and trustworthiness that arise from them\" (p. 19)'has declined to dangerously low levels in America over the last three decades. However, Putnam is not fazed in the least by the recent effusion of solidarity. Quite the contrary, he sees in it the potential to \"reverse what has been a 30to 40-year steady decline in most measures of connectedness or community.\"' As an example of how the current \"war on terrorism\" could generate a durable civic renewal, Putnam points to the burst in civic practices that occurred during and after World War II, which he says \"permanently marked\" the generation that lived through it and had a \"terrific effect on American public life over the last half-century.\" 3 If Americans can follow this example and channel their current civic

Bowling alone: The collapse and revival of American community

Course Description In this course, we will explore the question of the actual and potential connections between democracy and education. Our focus of attention will be placed on a critical examination of democratic theory and its implications for the civic education roles and contributions of teachers, adult educators, community development practitioners, and community organizers. We will survey and deal critically with a range of competing conceptions of democracy, variously described as classical, republican, liberal, radical, marxist, neomarxist, pragmatist, feminist, populist, pluralist, postmodern, and/or participatory. Using narrative inquiry as a means for illuminating and interpreting contemporary practice, we will analyze the implications of different conceptions of democracy for the practical work of civic education.

Democracy and education.

Trust: The Social Virtues and the Creation of Prosperity

Individualism and collectivism

Human beings are described by many spiritual traditions as ‘blind’ or ‘asleep’ or ‘in a dream.’ These terms refers to the limited attenuated state of consciousness of most human beings caught up in patterns of conditioned thought, feeling and perception, which prevent the development of our latent, higher spiritual possibilities. In the words of Idries Shah: “Man, like a sleepwalker who suddenly ‘comes to’ on some lonely road has in general no correct idea as to his origins or his destiny.” In some religious traditions, such as Christianity and Islam, the myth of the ‘Fall from the Garden of Eden’ symbolizes the loss of the primordial state through the veiling of higher consciousness. Other traditions use similar metaphors to describe the spiritual condition of humanity:

The Human Condition.

(Re)constituting economic geographies the dialect of culture and economy - the economization of culture and the culturization of economy the invention of regional culture the cultural production of economic forms economies of power and space nature as artifice, nature as artefact - development, environment and modernity in the late 20th century a tale of two cities? - embedded organizations and embodies workers in the city of London re-thinking restructuring - embodiment, agency and identity in organizational change economic non-economic replacing class in economic geographies - possibilities for a new class politics local politics, anti-essentialism and economic geography true stories? - global nightmares, global dreams and writing globalization globalization, socioeconomics, territoriality unpacking the global local food/global food - globalization and local restructuring excluding the other - the production of scale and scaled politics globalisation and geographies of workers' struggle in the late 20th century globalization of R & D in the electronics industry - the recent experience of Japan falling out of the world economy? - theorizing "Africa" in world trade notes on a spatialized labour politics - scale and the political geography of dual unionism in the US east coast longshore industry theories of accumulation and regulation - bringing life back into economical geography regional economies as relational assets divergence, instability and exclusion - regional dynamics in Great Britain the posy-Keynesian state and the space economy bringing the qualitative state into economic geography the end of mass production and of the mass collective worker? experimenting with production, employment and their geographies the role of supply chain management strategies in the "Europeanisation" of the automobile production system breaking the old and constructing the new? geographies of uneven development in central and eastern Europe California rages - regional capitalism and the politics of renewal informal cities? women's work and the informal activities on the margins of the European union.

Geographies of Economies

List of tables List of figures List of plates List of acronyms Acknowledgements 1 Deregulation, migration and the new world of work 2 Global city labour markets and London's new migrant division of labour 3 London's low paid foreign-born workers 4 Living and remaking London's ethnic and gender divisions 5 Tactics of survival amongst migrant workers in London 6 Relational lives: Migrants, London and the rest of the world 7 Remaking the city: Immigration and post-secular politics in London today 8 Just geographies of (im)migration Appendices References Index

Global Cities At Work: New Migrant Divisions of Labour

This paper explores the emergence of a new ‘migrant division of labour’ in London. In contrast to a vision of ‘professionalization’, it shows that London's labour market has been characterized by processes of occupational polarization and that a disproportionate number of London's low-paid jobs are now filled by foreign-born workers. Drawing on original survey data, the paper explores the pay and conditions of London's low-paid migrant workers and develops a framework for understanding the emergence of a new migrant division of labour in London. In particular, the paper stresses the role of the British state in shaping this divide. The paper concludes that the emergence of such a divide in London necessitates a re-conceptualization of the place of migrant workers in the ‘global city’ and of the processes shaping global city labour markets, and outlines what this new division of labour might mean for politics and policy in London.

Keeping London working: global cities, the British state and London's new migrant division of labour

This article examines the means by which low-paid migrant workers survive in a rapidly changing and increasingly unequal labour market. In a departure from the coping strategies literature, it is argued that the difficulties migrant workers face in the London labour market reduces their ability to ‘strategize’. Instead, workers adopt a range of ‘tactics’ that enable them to ‘get by’, if only just, on a day-to-day basis. The article explores these tactics with reference to the connections between different workers’ experiences of the workplace, home and community, and demonstrates the role of national, ethnic and gender relations in shaping migrant workers’ experiences of the London labour market and of the city more widely.

From Coping Strategies to Tactics: London's Low-Pay Economy and Migrant Labour

This paper explores the theory and practice of community unionism. It is now widely argued that if trade unions are to reach employees in small workplaces, those on part-time or temporary contracts, and women, black and ethnic minority workers, they need to sustain alliances beyond the walls of the workplace. Increasing the scale of political mobilization in this way can help secure trade union organization amongst new groups of workers while giving unions the power to raise questions of economic and social justice at a wider scale. After summarizing current developments in North America, the paper focuses on the situation in the UK in more detail. By highlighting the pioneering community unionism of the Iron and Steel Trades Confederation (ISTC) and Battersea and Wandsworth Trades Union Council (BWTUC), the paper explores the implications of community unionism for the future of trade unionism in the UK.

Jane Wills

Papers

Geographies of Economies

Global Cities At Work: New Migrant Divisions of Labour

Keeping London working: global cities, the British state and London's new migrant division of labour

From Coping Strategies to Tactics: London's Low-Pay Economy and Migrant Labour

Community unionism and trade union renewal in the UK: moving beyond the fragments at last?