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Showing papers by "Janet Hoenicka published in 2007"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The genotype distribution indicates there is a relationship between the TaqIA SNP, CNR1 andFAAH genes and PCL-R’s Factor 1 in alcoholic patients, and the implication of the dopaminergic and endocannabinoid systems in those processes leading to the comorbidity of alcoholism and antisocial behaviour is suggested.
Abstract: Little is known about the genetic factors that underlie the comorbidity between alcohol use disorder and antisocial personality disorder. Previous studies have associated both, dopaminergic and endocannabinoid systems to severe alcoholism with non-adaptive disrupted behaviours. In this work we have examined some gene variants involved in such systems in a sample of alcoholic patients to test whether there is a relationship with antisocial traits. The genetic analysis involved the genotyping of the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) TaqIA located nearby theDRD2 gene, the 10-repeat allele of a variable number tandem repeats (VNTR) of theSLC6A3 gene, the C385AFAAH SNP and the 3′-UTR microsatellite ofCNR1 gene. The clinical study was performed in 137 Spanish alcohol dependent males. Antisocial Personality Disorder (DSM-IV) diagnosis was made by applying the International Personality Disorder Examination, and psychopathic traits were evaluated by the Hare’s Psychopathy Checklist Revised (PCL-R). The genotype distribution indicates there is a relationship between the TaqIA SNP,CNR1 andFAAH genes and PCL-R’s Factor 1 in alcoholic patients. This relationship seems to be additive and independent and might be responsible for 11.4% of the variance in this PCL-R subscale. Our results suggest the implication of the dopaminergic and endocannabinoid systems in those processes leading to the comorbidity of alcoholism and antisocial behaviour.

54 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The development of new technologies for genetic analysis, and a wider comprehension of the genetic sequences of these genes have increased understanding of the implications of the dopaminergic system in both health and pathological states and allowed the identification of genetic variants that may represent risk or protection factors for a variety of psychiatric disorders.
Abstract: Individual vulnerability to develop neurological and psychiatric disorders is associated with both genetic and environmental factors. Association studies in patients have explored the contribution of gene variants in the dopaminergic system in these disorders. This system is involved in motor control, endocrinological function, the reward system and cognition. The diverse physiological functions of dopamine are mediated by five different dopamine receptors, encoded by the genesDRD1, DRD2, DRD3, DRD4 andDRD5. These genes have various types of polymorphisms that can produce changes in the genetic product or expression levels. In recent years, the development of new technologies for genetic analysis, and a wider comprehension of the genetic sequences of these genes have increased our understanding of the implications of the dopaminergic system in both health and pathological states. It has also allowed the identification of genetic variants that may represent risk or protection factors for a variety of psychiatric disorders.

30 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: La asociacion genetica con el polimorfismo funcional Val 158 Met del gen COMT en pacientes con esquizofrenia y en controles sanos espanoles no han sido concluyentes, but en el analisis por genotipos y desde un modelo de herencia recesivo se detecto una posible tendencia a the significacion.
Abstract: Fundamento y objetivo La enzima catecol-O-metiltransferasa (COMT) interviene de un modo significativo en la regulacion del sistema dopaminergico, especialmente en la corteza prefrontal. Estudios previos han evaluado la asociacion entre la actividad enzimatica de la COMT y la esquizofrenia, aunque los resultados no han sido concluyentes. El gen COMT contiene un polimorfismo funcional que ocasiona, en la posicion 158 del peptido, el cambio de valina por metionina y la modificacion de la actividad enzimatica, de forma que la COMT -valina muestra una capacidad de degradacion postsinaptica de la dopamina significativamente superior a la COMT -metionina. El objetivo de este trabajo es realizar un estudio de asociacion genetica con el polimorfismo funcional Val 158 Met del gen COMT en pacientes con esquizofrenia y en controles sanos espanoles. Pacientes y metodo Se ha realizado un estudio de casos y controles con una muestra de 177 pacientes y 141 controles. Los pacientes del estudio –115 varones y 62 mujeres, con una edad entre 27 y 49 anos; media (desviacion estandar) de 38 (10,7) anos– se incluyeron consecutivamente segun acudieron a las consultas del Servicio de Psiquiatria del Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre y si cumplian criterios DSM-IV (cuarta edicion del Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders) para esquizofrenia (n = 162) o trastorno esquizoafectivo (n = 15). Asimismo, se incluyo a 141 controles evaluados, sanos y libres de enfermedad medica o psiquiatrica –92 varones y 49 mujeres, con una edad entre 26 y 47 anos, media de 36 (9,4) anos–. La identificacion del genotipo se llevo a cabo por medio de tecnicas de genetica molecular humana que asociaron la reaccion en cadena de la polimerasa del ADN al estudio de la conformacion de la hebra simple del ADN ( single strand conformational polymorphism ; SSCP) del polimorfismo Val 158 Met de COMT . Resultados No se encontraron diferencias significativas en las frecuencias de los alelos para este polimorfismo al comparar controles y pacientes. Sin embargo, en el analisis por genotipos y desde un modelo de herencia recesivo (Val/Val frente a Val/Met y Met/Met), se detecto una posible tendencia a la significacion. Nuestros resultados no permiten confirmar la posible contribucion de variaciones del gen COMT en la etiopatogenia de la esquizofrenia, pero ofrecen indicios que permiten sospechar su participacion en algunos grupos concretos de pacientes. Conclusiones Con los resultados obtenidos en este estudio, la posible contribucion del gen COMT en la etiopatogenia de la esquizofrenia no puede descartarse. El debate sobre el posible efecto del polimorfismo Val 158 Met de COMT en la esquizofrenia se mantendria abierto; de ahi la necesidad de reproducir los estudios en muestras mayores que permitan analisis estratificados de subgrupos de pacientes.

10 citations