Janet S. Netz

TL;DR: In this article, the authors empirically estimate the effect of competition on spatial product differentiation and find that reductions in exogenous scheduling constraints increase differentiation, implying that firms may be differentiating their products where possible to reduce price competition.

TL;DR: The authors empirically test implications from location theory using the location of Los Angeles-area gasoline stations in physical space and in the space of product attributes, and find considerable evidence that firms locate their stations in an attempt to spatially differentiate their product as market competition increases.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors show that the price in the aftermarket will exceed marginal cost despite competition in the equipment market, and that the result holds for undifferentiated Bertrand competition, differentiated duopoly, and monopoly equipment markets.

TL;DR: This article conducted a comprehensive assessment of different forms of international integration on growth and found that general openness and foreign direct investment into a country do lead to increased growth; that special treatment by the European Union of former colonies statistically insignificantly in­ creases growth; membership in a trade bloc facilitates growth; and that the size of the trade bloc to which a country belongs and the variation in income in the trade-cluster also encourage more rapid growth among member countries.

TL;DR: The effect of futures on spot price volatility is sensitive to the competitive structure of the futures market as mentioned in this paper, which increases storage sensitivity to changes in the return to storage and reduces spot price variance.