Mathematics: the loss of certainty, by Morris Kline. Pp 366. £11·50. 1980. ISBN 0-19-502754-X (Oxford University Press)

The problem of quantum interference phenomena is analyzed on the Mach-Zehnder Interferometer - an experimental setup similar to double slits device, but much simpler - under the light of the main schools of interpretations of Quantum Mechanics. Although this is a work very based on Pessoa Jr [1]-[3], special emphasis is given to Many Worlds Interpretation due to its recent growing of interests within scientific community as much as within general public. The Many-Worlds Interpretation is an approach to Quantum Mechanics according to which, in addition to the world we are aware of directly, there are many other similar worlds that exist in parallel at the same space and time. The existence of the other worlds makes it possible to remove randomness and action at a distance from quantum theory. A basic introduction of an interpretation like Many Worlds that have been extensively present in the media is an important contribution to the initial and continued education for Physics Teachers, mainly when a more conceptual approach to the subject is aimed.

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Interpretações da mecânica quântica em um interferômetro virtual de Mach-Zehnder

In this work we defend the wave-particle duality as the central concept in the introduction of Quantum Physics at high school classes. From the methodological and theoretical viewpoint, we present the ondulatory optics as a main door to the quantum world. The main didactical resource in this approach is a free software which simulates quantum interference phenomena in an apparatus called Mach-Zehnder Interferometer.

Fundamentos da física quântica à luz de um interferômetro virtual de Mach-Zehnder

The mathematical expression of the entropy valid for a quantum, relativistic and gravitational phenomenon must explicitly contain the Planck constant h/2p, the velocity of light in vacuum c and Newton gravitational constant G. Besides this the entropy, as a thermodynamics and statistical concept, must also explicitly contain Boltzmann constant k. Starting from these ideas we are able to calculate Hawking's entropy valid for black holes in N dimensions. In order to calculate Hawking's entropy we use the following ingredients: (i) the methods of dimensional analysis; (ii) the connection between entropy and information; and (iii) the holographic principle.

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A entropia de Hawking para buracos negros: um exercício de análise dimensional a partir de um texto de divulgação

Causality, determinism and predictability, as well as their respective antipodean non-causality, indeterminism and unpredictability constitute recurrent concepts for both scientific and philosophical communities. The distinction between causality and determinism is not a simple matter. Frequently these conceptual categories give rise to misunderstandings. In fact, these categories are not simply reduced to mere capacity to predict. We argue that several of these formulations are not suitable in order to understand these concepts. Finally we argue that the concept of cause is the most important.

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Causalidade, (in)determinismo e (im)previsibilidade: por que o conceito de causa é tão importante?

No presente trabalho apresentamos uma discussao epistemologica sobre os problemas da Realidade, da Compreensibilidade e da Causalidade no contexto de algumas das questoes suscitadas pela teoria quântica, discussao essa que se reflete tambem num combate a concepcao positivista de ciencia. Argumentamos em prol de uma maior aproximacao entre a epistemologia complexa de Bachelard, a filosofia popperiana do racionalismo critico e a concepcao lakatosiana de programas cientificos de pesquisa. Argumentamos, outrossim, em prol de ambas: da necessidade de se levar mais a serio a complexidade do dialogo teoria/experimento e da cautela redobrada em relacao a ideia de 'experimentos cruciais' notadamente quando esses sao lidos tanto na otica do positivismo quanto na do realismo ingenuo.

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Os problemas epistemológicos da realidade, da compreensibilidade e da causalidade na teoria quântica

We would like to study the sustainability of the thesis asserting a radical independence between, on one side, the scientific excellence of somebody and, on the other, his (or her) bad ethical

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De q ue maneira o a fastamento da é tica é lesivo à c iência

Some points of the controversy among the constructivists and critics are analyzed. We claim that the requirements of previous knowledge and self-learning attitudes are both in perfect conciliation with the cultural legacy acting on the learner, and with the needs of training and automatic procedures which can provide space for potentialities of more creative skills.

https://dialnet.unirioja.es/descarga/articulo/5162228.pdf

Palavras-chave: Construtivismo; Crítica ao construtivismo; Controvér- sia; Educação Científica; Possível Conciliação.

dimens~oes, lan»cando m~ao: (i) dos m¶etodos da an¶alisedimensional; (ii) da conex~ao entre entropia e informa»c~ao; e, (iii) do princ¶‡pio hologr¶aﬂco.Palavras-chave: entropia de Hawking, an¶alise dimensional, buracos negros.The mathematical expression of the entropy valid for a quantum, relativistic and gravitational phenomenonmust explicitly contain the Planck constant ~, the velocity of light in vacuum

/pdf/a-entropia-de-hawking-para-buracos-negros-um-exerc-cio-de-3z7qp87mbf.pdf

A entropia de Hawking para buracos negros: um exerc¶‡cio de analise dimensional a partir de um texto de divulga»c~ao (Hawking's entropy calculation for black holes: an exercise of dimensional analysis from a divulgation text)

Jenner Barretto

Papers

Os problemas epistemológicos da realidade, da compreensibilidade e da causalidade na teoria quântica

Causalidade, (in)determinismo e (im)previsibilidade: por que o conceito de causa é tão importante?

De q ue maneira o a fastamento da é tica é lesivo à c iência

Palavras-chave: Construtivismo; Crítica ao construtivismo; Controvér- sia; Educação Científica; Possível Conciliação.

A entropia de Hawking para buracos negros: um exerc¶‡cio de analise dimensional a partir de um texto de divulga»c~ao (Hawking's entropy calculation for black holes: an exercise of dimensional analysis from a divulgation text)