En un mundo globalizado y en constante cambio por el avance acelerado de las tecnologías de la información y comunicación, se hace imprescindible que los emprendimientos se creen y proyecten a escenarios globales, con el objetivo de mejorar sus capacidades y rendimientos resultante de las ventajas competitivas adquiridas en el proceso. Si bien es cierto que gran parte de la literatura manifiesta las bondades de la internacionalización, este fenómeno es percibido de diferentes maneras: en algunos mercados como altamente destacable y en otros aún es incipiente. Además, aunque goza de varias décadas de estudio carece de unificación de los aspectos más dominantes. De ahí que este artículo identifica los ejes temáticos que más interés le han causado a la comunidad académica en torno a la Internacionalización del Emprendimiento y realiza los siguientes pasos: 1) análisis de los indicadores cienciométricos, en la base de datos indexada Scopus para conocer los documentos sobre internacionalización en emprendimientos; 2) utilización del paquete bibliometrix para identificar las subáreas entorno a la temática; 3) selección de las subáreas con mayor preponderancia. Los resultados demuestran tres enfoques, dos relaciones directas y uno con relación indirecta al campo empresarial, donde la primera es Orientación al Emprendimiento Internacional, la segunda Educación en la Internacionalización de los Emprendimientos y la tercera Redes Empresariales Internacionales. En términos prácticos, los empresarios, el gobierno e instituciones pueden utilizar dichas tendencias para la toma de decisiones con el ánimo de engranar los esfuerzos emanados por cada uno de estos actores en el proceso de internacionalización. 
 

/pdf/subareas-de-internacionalizacion-de-emprendimientos-una-1x462qc2ha.pdf

Subáreas de internacionalización de emprendimientos: una revisión bibliográfica

PurposeInternational entrepreneurship (IE) has received a considerable amount of attention in the recent decades as a result of globalization enabling access to new international markets and business opportunities. Despite the growing increase in academic publications, IE still faces certain inconsistencies, with doubts remaining as regards its boundaries and the thematic groups making up the field. The purpose of this article is to systematically analyse the IE, mapping the intellectual territory and the evolution of the field.Design/methodology/approach Indexed to Web of Science( WoS) database until 2021, from 52 journals, 130 articles were selected, applying content analyses techniques to identify the main research lines.FindingsThe results reveal that IE presents four conceptual themes/clusters: (1) international business networks and opportunities; (2) institutional environments; (3) the characteristics and motivations of entrepreneurs; and (4) internationalisation drivers and processes. Extant analysis show that IE has progressed immensely, concentrating a good diversity of subtopics and research trends. An integrative framework bringing together 27 years of publications and 67 future research lines, detailed by cluster, were also presented in this study to improve understanding and guide future studies.Originality/valueThis review makes a broad contribution to the IE literature, assisting in consolidating the academic field, expanding and complementing the results of previous theoretical–conceptual studies. We reflect and individually discuss the state of the art of the four streams that characterize IE to identify key themes, points of convergence and advance new subfields.

A systematic international entrepreneurship review and future research agenda

PurposeThe paper aims to illuminate the platform created by a cluster organization to facilitate its internationalization and thereby enhance its regional innovation system partners' competitiveness by providing access to global value chains and boosting innovativeness.Design/methodology/approachThe study draws upon the interaction approach, focusing on the interaction process, interaction partners, relationship atmosphere, and relationship environment. A qualitative study was conducted at Future Position X, a Swedish cluster organization. A total of 58 interviews were conducted, including 48 face-to-face in-depth interviews between 2017 and 2019 with six key informants at FPX, representatives from 28 SMEs, ten members of regional innovation systems to which FPX belongs, and four process leaders of regional and local networks, in addition to online interviews with ten members of the regional innovation systems conducted via Microsoft Teams in March 2021. The time span of the study provides a longitudinal perspective.FindingsThe FPX cluster collaborates with actors in the quadruple helix, maintaining a mindset that has led to a number of new partner agreements in the global arena to secure the resources and expertise necessary for cluster activities, and thereby ensuring firms in FPX networks access to platforms for international expansion. Internationalization thus expands the cluster's knowledge base beyond the traditional environment of its member firms.Research limitations/implicationsVery few innovations arise from the isolated work of a lone genius. Instead, most innovation is achieved through complex, interactive, iterative and cumulative learning processes in which a variety of actors are involved. The FPX cluster organization's internationalization platform is therefore vital to the internationalization of its partners since cluster actors lack the time, resources, knowledge, experience, and networks required to break into international markets singlehandedly.Practical implicationsThis study suggests that, for practitioners and researchers alike, the growing importance and relevance of the regional innovation system cannot be overemphasized. It also holds policy and societal implications in that FPX's global network helps regional SMEs to internationalize, in addition to inspiring international firms to establish operations in the Gävleborg region, thereby helping to strengthen the overall GIS environment. Internationalization also expands the FPX cluster's knowledge base beyond the traditional environment of its firms, an example of this being the construction start of a Microsoft data centre in the region in 2020.Social implicationsFPX is financed through taxation and grant funding. By initiating projects, creating relationships and building collaborations, FPX thus contributes to collaboration between business, academia and the public sector. FPX also contributes to knowledge development of new technology by creating meeting places and networks around digital issues, such as GIS, AI, the IoT and blockchain technology.Originality/valueWhile earlier research has concentrated on endogenous gaps critical to cluster dynamics, comparatively little attention has been paid to exogenous gaps, i.e. linkages between regional clusters and innovation partners elsewhere in the world. This study showcases the richness of interactions in the cluster against the background of wider, global innovation interactions. Future research should examine other vital questions that remain unanswered, e.g. by measuring and exploring the extent to which regional innovation systems can contribute to long-term economic growth for society.

A cluster's internationalization as a catalyst for its innovation system's access to global markets

AbstractThe Lucerne University of Applied Sciences and Arts—School of Business / Hochschule Luzern—Wirtschaft (HSLU-W) and the University of the Fraser Valley (UFV)—School of Business (SoB) are institutions that value internationalisation. One of the events where internationalisation manifests itself is called International Leadership—Vancouver as the Asian-Pacific Gateway (Vancouver International Leadership Week, or VILW). During this event, executive-education students from HSLU-W arrive in Vancouver and attend a series of planned visits to government, industry, and academic engagements for the period of 1 week. Participants from the SoB also attend all of the events with participants from the HSLU-W. The planning for this annual event is collaborative between the two institutions, and the planning team is co-led by the authors of this study, both of whom have a particular interest in international experiences, intercultural learning, and cross-national collaborative leadership. This qualitative, duoethnographic study will explore their collaborative co-leadership of VILW in the time frame of February, 2019 through to February, 2021. This study contributes to the knowledge base by shedding light on the emergence and maintenance of a collaborative, international co-leadership team over time and through the planning of an international partnership event.KeywordsDuoethnographyCollaborative leadershipInternational exchangesShort-term programmesGlobal teams 

Co-leading an International Collaborative Team: Relationships Matter

Entrepreneurship is a developing issue that provides sectoral and economic development of today's world. New entrepreneurship ideas are constantly developing with digital innovations, technology, social, and political influences. The introduction of the entrepreneurship thought with an existing and beyond idea along with these effects will give a different perspective to this field. Sustainability problems that arise after the implementation of existing enterprise ideas reveal two important types of entrepreneurship introduced into the literature: exploratory and exploitative entrepreneurship. This chapter describes exploitative entrepreneurship, which focuses on the development and improvement of existing initiatives, and the types of exploratory entrepreneurship that are revolutionary beyond existing initiatives. The chapter that starts with the introduction section continues with the theoretical and conceptual framework, methodology, discussion, and conclusion sections.

Exploratory and Exploitative Entrepreneurship

This study explores how 40 decision-makers from Swiss and Thai small or medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) engage and develop international partnerships to discover, create, evaluate and explo...

/pdf/trustworthy-small-and-medium-sized-enterprise-network-pzxon8t6nj.pdf

Trustworthy Small and Medium-sized Enterprise Network Partners: Small and Medium-sized Enterprise Partnerships in the International Entrepreneurial Process:

Jillaine Farrar

Papers

Trustworthy Small and Medium-sized Enterprise Network Partners: Small and Medium-sized Enterprise Partnerships in the International Entrepreneurial Process: