This volume provides a comprehensive introduction to module theory and the related part of ring theory, including original results as well as the most recent work. It is a useful and stimulating study for those new to the subject as well as for researchers and serves as a reference volume. Starting form a basic understanding of linear algebra, the theory is presented and accompanied by complete proofs. For a module M, the smallest Grothendieck category containing it is denoted by o[M] and module theory is developed in this category. Developing the techniques in o[M] is no more complicated than in full module categories and the higher generality yields significant advantages: for example, module theory may be developed for rings without units and also for non-associative rings. Numerous exercises are included in this volume to give further insight into the topics covered and to draw attention to related results in the literature.

Foundations of Module and Ring Theory : A Handbook for Study and Research

Commutative rings I

An introduction to noncommutative noetherian rings

Let T be a set of elements in a ring A. The set T is right permutable if for any a ∈ A and t ∈ T, there exist b ∈ A, u ∈ T such that au = tb. A multiplicative set in a ring A is any subset T of A such that 1 ∈ T,0 ∉ T and T is closed under multiplication. A completely prime ideal in a ring A is any proper ideal B such that A\B is a multiplicative set (i.e. A/Bis a domain). A minimal prime ideal (resp. minimal completely prime ideal) in a ring A is any prime (resp. completely prime) ideal P such that P contains no properly any other prime ideal (resp. completely prime ideal) of A. Let I be any proper ideal of a ring A. The set of all elements a ∈ A such that a + I is a regular element of A/I is denoted by c(I). In particular, c(0) is the set of all regular elements of A.

Rings of quotients

Preface Note to the reader Terminology, notations and conventions used List of special notation 0. Preliminaries on modules 1. Principal ideal domains 2. Firs, semifirs and the weak algorithm 3. Factorization 4. 2-firs with a distributive factor lattice 5. Modules over firs and semifirs 6. Centralizers and subalgebras 7. Skew fields of fractions Appendix Bibliography and author index Subject index.

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Free Ideal Rings and Localization in General Rings

A left module M over a ring R is cofaithful in case there is an embedding of R into a finite product of copies of M. Our main result states that a semiprime ring R is left Goldie, that is, has a semisimple Artinian left quotient ring, if and only if R satisfies (i) every faithful left ideal is cofaithful and (ii) every nonzero left ideal contains a nonzero uniform left ideal. The proof is elementary and does not make use of the Goldie and LesieurCroisot theorems. We show that (i) and (ii) are Morita invariant. Moreover, (ii) is invariant under polynomial extensions, and so is (i) for commutative rings. Absolutely torsionfree rings are studied. The ring Q is a left classical quotient ring for the ring R C Q if every regular element (nondivisor of zero) of R is invertible in Q and if every element of Q is of the form b ~ιa where a,b E R and b is regular; in this case we also say that R is a left order in Q. A ring is said to be left Goldie if it has the ascending chain condition on left annihilators and has finite uniform dimension. (A left R -module has finite uniform dimension if it has no infinite direct sum of nonzero submodules, and it is said to be uniform if it is nonzero and any two nonzero submodules have a nontrivial intersection.) A theorem of Goldie [8,9] and Lesieur and Croisot [12] states that a ring is a left order in a semisimple Artinian ring if and only if it is semiprime and left Goldie. It is known that the ascending chain condition on left annihilators is not preserved under an equivalence of categories (Morita invariant); in fact, it does not go up to matrix rings. It is unknown whether being left Goldie is Morita invariant. In section two we give a proof of the theorem stated in the abstract, and in the prime case we give a proof which shows directly that such a ring is an order in a full matrix ring over a division ring. We also weaken the hypothesis of an important theorem on semiprime PI rings. In the third section we use these techniques to study absolutely torsion-free rings. In particular, we show that an absolutely torsionfree ring is Goldie if and only if it has a uniform left ideal, and that the endomorphism ring of a finitely generated projective module over an absolutely torsion-free ring is absolutely torsion-free.

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Rings whose faithful left ideals are cofaithful.

For a left R-module M, we identify certain submodules of M that play a role analogous to that of prime ideals in the ring R. Using this definition, we investigate conditions on the module M which imply that there is a one-to-one correspondence between isomorphism classes of indecomposable M-injective modules and “prime M-ideals”.

M-injective modules and prime m-ideals

Preface 1. Rings 2. Modules 3. Structure of noncommutative rings 4. Representations of finite groups Appendix Bibliography List of symbols Index.

John A. Beachy

Papers

Rings whose faithful left ideals are cofaithful.

M-injective modules and prime m-ideals

Introductory lectures on rings and modules

On Quasi-Artinian Rings

Finitely annihilated modules and orders in artinian rings