Showing papers by "John B. Saunders published in 1992"

Brief and early intervention: experience from studies of harmful drinking.

Abstract: Brief and early interventions represent an innovative strategy for the prevention of harm from alcohol and other drugs. The pioneering study of early intervention, undertaken by Kristenson et al. (1983) as part of a preventive medicine programme, demonstrated the efficacy of this approach for problem drinking. Subsequent studies have confirmed these findings. Brief and early interventions have been shown to be effective in a wide range of health care settings, including hospital wards and outpatient clinics, general practice, private health screening facilities and community-based health screening programmes. What is required now is the ascertainment of the most effective settings for brief and early interventions and the incentives needed for incorporation into routine practice. (Aust NZ J Med 1992; 22: 224–230.)

Meaning of craving in research on addiction.

Abstract: The meaning of the word craving varies as illustrated by Kozlowski and Wilkinson's reports of ambiguities in use amongst cigarette smokers. We extended this line of investigation to problem drinkers who sought a goal of controlled drinking versus abstinence, to professionals involved in the addictions area, and to university students. Significant differences in meaning were noted particularly among the problem drinkers (N = 256 between 17 and 60 years of age). Reasons for this are offered.