Serous effusions of nine of 33 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus contained lupus erythematosus (LE) cells, identifiable in Papanicolaou-stained smears, wet films stained with toluidine blue, and cell blocks stained with haematoxylin and eosin. Specimens in which LE cells were found contained at least a moderate number of polymorphonuclear neutrophilic leucocytes. Most specimens containing LE cells also contained cells that resembled LE cells (tart cells), which appeared to be small macrophages that had phagocytosed a non-homogenized nucleus of a cell that had undergone degeneration. In 34 years of cytologic practice we have recognized LE cells in serous effusions only from patients who were already diagnosed as having systemic lupus erythematosus.

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Cytological aspects of pleural, peritoneal and pericardial fluids from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

THE DESCRIPTION by Hargraves of the L. E. cell five years ago gave a great impetus to the study of systemic lupus erythematosus. 1 The frequency of the disease and the variability of its clinical picture have since been emphasized by numerous workers using the L. E. test to verify their diagnosis. It is the purpose of this paper to present a simplified technique for the production of L. E. cell preparations which has been in use at the Los Angeles County General Hospital for three years and to compare its results with others in general use. In my experience the test is pathognomonic if positive. 2 Since we began utilizing this method, the diagnosis of lupus has increased four-fold at this hospital. Negative preparations occur in 30% of typical clinical cases of systemic lupus erythematosus. 2d Our experience with this technique in a series of 72 cases of lupus

SIMPLIFIED METHOD FOR THE L. E. CELL TEST: Results of a Three-Year Study of Seven Hundred Tests in Many Disease States

Systemic lupus erythematosus.

Smears of synovial fluid specimens from 7 of 10 selected patients were found to contain lupus erythematosus (LE) cells. In 1 patient, LE cells were found in smears of synovial fluid but not of blood. Direct smears of synovial fluid immediately after aspiration from 2 patients contained LE cells, thus suggesting that in vivo these cells form in synovial fluid.

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/art.1780130415

In Vivo LE Cell Formation in Synovial Fluid

Der sogenannte Alterspemphigus ist moglicherweise kein einheitliches Krankheitsbild. Die Abtrennung mancher Falle vom Pemphigus vulgaris nur auf Grund von Ausstrich und Histologie bei sonst gleichem Verlauf erscheint fragwurdig. Ballonierend degenerierte Epithelien wie beim Pemphigus vulgaris kommen in Cantharidenblasen und manchmal in banalen Pusteln vor. Ihre Entstehung in den letzten wird aus deren Histogenese zu erklaren versucht.

Zur Differentialdiagnose des Pemphigus vulgaris aus dem Blasengrundausstrich

THIS IS a report of studies of the cellular elements in the fluid obtained from artificial blisters produced on the skin of patients with acute disseminated lupus erythematosus. From the reports of others 1 it would seem that L. E. cells may be formed in a patient with acute disseminated lupus erythematosus whenever plasma from such patients and neutrophilic leukocytes are placed together under favorable conditions. Unaltered plasma may not be obtained in blister fluid because the dermis may filter out some of its components. However, most of the blister fluid is filtered plasma. As neutrophilic leukocytes are present in blister fluid, it was thought that L. E. cells might also be present in blister fluid from patients with acute disseminated lupus erythematosus. As natural blisters are formed only rarely in disseminated lupus erythematosus, artificial blisters were produced with cantharides on patients wih lupus erythematosus, as well as on those

Neutrophils resembling L. E. cells in artificial blisters.

A comedo, or blackhead, may be defined as a plug of sebaceous material found in a duct of a sebaceous gland. It is most commonly seen as the elementary lesion of acne vulgaris, but it may also be present in linear nevi, postradiation atrophy, hidradenitis suppurativa, and tar acne.1-3 A single comedo may have more than one opening on the skin. The term "double comedo'' (Ormsby, as quoted by Ormsby and Montgomery4) was used to describe a comedo having two openings which were connected beneath the skin (Fig. 1b). No name was given to the comedo which had more than two openings on the skin. The term "grouped comedones'' (Fig. 1e) is used to describe a patch of numerous blackheads, each of which has a single opening on the skin (Thin, as quoted by Ormsby and Montgomery). A giant comedo (Fig. 1g) describes any huge blackhead

Monoporous and polyporous acne.

THIS REPORT includes data relating to 15 patients treated with vaccine (typhoid) fever and penicillin and 17 patients treated with malarial fever and penicillin. About 80 per cent of the patients in each group had dementia paralytica or the tabetic form of dementia paralytica, the remaining 20 per cent having asymptomatic neurosyphilis, tabes dorsalis or meningovascular neurosyphilis. The technic used in administering vaccine fever is similar to the continuous intravenous infusion method as used by Heyman. 1 TECHNIC OF VACCINE FEVER THERAPY The temperature is held above 103 F. (axillary) from five to ten hours, depending on the condition of the patient. The temperature is usually maintained around 104.5 F. (axillary) if possible, as this is the optimum temperature. The temperature, pulse rate and rate of respirations are recorded at fifteen minute intervals while the temperature is above 102 F. (axillary) or whenever there is any doubt

Neurosyphilis; penicillin and malarial fever therapy versus penicillin and vaccine (typhoid) fever therapy.

Sebaceous and epithelial cysts are common complications of acne. Another type of cyst seen in acneform eruptions is a polyporous comedonal cyst (Fig. 1A). A polyporous comedo is a blackhead with multiple openings.1Ocassionally, the sinusoidal connecting channels of a polyporous comedo become dilated and form a cyst. Report of Cases Case 1.— A 45-year-old man had had polyporous acne on his face since his youth. Numerous acne scars, monoporous comedones,1and polyporous comedones remained on his face. On the left side of his neck, below his left ear, was a small polyporous comedonal cyst which had been present for years (Fig. 1A). The patient requested that it be removed. Before the cyst was excised, a small hypodermic needle (#25) was inserted through the two connecting comedones which surmounted the cyst (Fig. 1B). Serial sections were made through the biopsy excision (Fig. 2, A-F). Figure 2A shows the

John B. Watson

Papers

Neutrophils resembling L. E. cells in artificial blisters.

Monoporous and polyporous acne.

Neurosyphilis; penicillin and malarial fever therapy versus penicillin and vaccine (typhoid) fever therapy.

Polyporous comedonal cyst.