The increased growth in the use of transmission of multimedia medical contents over unsecured and open networks provides insecurity for confidential patient information over these networks. Digital encryption of medical images before transmission and storage is proposed as a way to effectively provide protection of patient information. Encryption before watermarking of these images is necessary in order to ensure inaccessibility of information to unauthorized personnel with patient. This paper presented a visual cryptographic technique for encrypting of medical images before transmission or storage of them. This will make such images inaccessible by unauthorized personnel and also ensures confidentiality. The process made use of an encryption technique that is based on pixel shuffling and a secret key generated from the image.

A Visual Cryptographic Encryption Technique for Securing Medical Images

In today's world, the internet is the fastest growing mode of communication. Hence, it is important to secure the data transmitted in this medium. The shared data could be in the forms of image, audio, video, etc. To provide secrecy of data many techniques have been proposed in the literature review. Visual cryptography is one among them. This paper proposes an Extended Visual Cryptography Technique (EVCT) for medical image security. Visual cryptography is a technique of sharing secret information in forms like images, text, etc. The technique proposed in the paper first encrypts the medical image and then embeds it into 3 cover images. Later on the receiver side, the secret image will be reconstructed from three shares (meaningful) followed by its decryption. The meaningful shares used in the proposed technique uses a 3X3 block size for each pixel in the secret image. No pixel expansion approach for encryption is proposed in the paper. The encryption and the embedding approaches are used in this process is lossless and less complex.

An Extended Visual Cryptography Technique for Medical Image Security

This paper explains the 2 out of 2 visual cryptography schemes based on pixel expansion m=2 in detail. Visual cryptography enables the secure transmission of images in open and insecure media. The scheme explained in this paper is based on k out of k visual cryptography scheme. To prevent the discloser of the secret by forming copy of the first share randomization of sub pixel is performed on the shares. One single share cannot disclose the secret. To extract the secret message both the shares are needed to superimpose one on another. We provide (2, 2) Visual Cryptography (VC) in detail for black and white image based on pixel expansion scheme.

http://ijsit.com/admin/ijsit_files/VISUAL%20CRYPTOGRAPHY%20SCHEME%20BASED%20ON%20PIXEL%20EXPANSION%20FOR%20BLACK%20&%20WHITE%20IMAGE_IJSIT_3.3.4.pdf

Visual cryptography scheme based on pixel expansion for black & white image

Visual cryptography for securing medical images using a combination of hyperchaotic-based pixel, bit scrambling, and DNA encoding

A new approach for face recognition using wavelet features is presented. Initially, the given image is divided into 12 blocks, each of size 50*60 pixels. Then, discrete wavelet transform is applied to each block and energy features (mean) of horizontal and vertical coefficients are determined. The extracted features from training samples are used to train the neural network. Further, the test face image is processed to obtain wavelet energy features and recognized using neural network classifier.

International journal of graphics and multimedia (ijgm)

Security has become an inseparable issue even in the field of space technology. Visual Cryptography is the study of mathematical techniques related aspects of Information Security which allows Visual information to be encrypted in such a way that their decryption can be performed by the human visual system, without any complex cryptographic algorithms. This technique represents the secret image by several different shares of binary images. It is hard to perceive any clues about a secret image from individual shares. The secret message is revealed when parts or all of these shares are aligned and stacked together. In this paper we provide an overview of the emerging Visual Cryptography (VC) techniques used in the secure transfer of the thousands of images collected by the satellite which are stored in image library and sent to Google for use on Google Earth and Google maps. The related work is based on the recovering of secret image using a binary logo which is used to represent the ownership of the host image which generates shadows by visual cryptography algorithms. An error correction-coding scheme is also used to create the appropriate shadow. The logo extracted from the half-toned host image identifies the cheating types. Furthermore, the logo recovers the reconstructed image when shadow is being cheated using an image self-verification scheme based on the Rehash technique which rehash the halftone logo for effective self verification of the reconstructed secret image without the need for the trusted third party(TTP).

Recovering secret image in Visual Cryptography

Security has become an inseparable issue even in the field of medical applications. Communication in medicine and healthcare is very important. The fast growth of the exchange traffic in medical imagery on the Internet justifies the creation of adapted tools guaranteeing the quality and the confidentiality of the information while respecting the legal and ethical constraints, specific to this field. Visual Cryptography is the study of mathematical techniques related aspects of Information Security which allows Visual information to be encrypted in such a way that their decryption can be performed by the human visual system, without any complex cryptographic algorithms. This technique represents the secret image by several different shares of binary images. It is hard to perceive any clues about a secret image from individual shares. The secret message is revealed when parts or all of these shares are aligned and stacked together. In this paper we provide an overview of the emerging Visual Cryptography (VC) techniques used in the secure transfer of the medical images over in the internet. The related work is based on the recovering of secret image using a binary logo which is used to represent the ownership of the host image which generates shadows by visual cryptography algorithms.

A self recovery approach using halftone images for medical imagery system

Everyday satellite is capturing thousands of images which needs to be classified in a proper way. In this paper, we address the problem of replacing the existing images with the captured one. We provide a new solution by storing only the non-existing part of the image. Though satellite images have been classified in past by using various techniques, the researchers are always finding alternative strategies for satellite image classification so that they may be prepared to select the most appropriate technique for the feature extraction task in hand. In order to overcome this difficulty, we propose an efficient approach, which consists of an algorithm that can adopt robust feature kernel principle component analysis (KPCA) to reduce dimensionality of image. Concerning image clustering, we utilize Fuzzy N-Means algorithm. Finally data is stored into

A novel approach for satellite imagery storage by classifying the non-duplicate regions

Everyday medical is capturing thousands of images which need to be classified in a proper way. In this paper, we address the problem of replacing the existing images with the captured one. We provide a new solution by storing only the nonexisting part of the image. Though medical images have been classified in past by using various techniques, the researchers are always finding alternative strategies for medical image classification so that they may be prepared to select the most appropriate technique for the feature extraction task in hand. In order to overcome this difficulty, we propose an efficient approach, which consists of an algorithm that can adopt robust feature kernel principle component analysis (KPCA) to reduce dimensionality of image. Concerning image clustering, we utilize Fuzzy N-Means algorithm. Finally data is stored into database according to specific class by utilizing support vector machine classifier. Thus the proposed scheme improve the efficient storage of medical images in the database, save time consumption and make the correction of the medical images more proficiently.

A novel approach for medical imagery storage by classifying the dissimilar regions

Security has become an inseparable issue even in the field of space technology. Visual Cryptography is the study of mathematical techniques related aspects of Information Security which allows Visual information to be encrypted in such a way that their decryption can be performed by the human visual system, without any complex cryptographic algorithms. This technique represents the secret image by several different shares of binary images. It is hard to perceive any clues about a secret image from individual shares. The secret message is revealed when parts or all of these shares are aligned and stacked together. In this paper we provide an overview of the emerging Visual Cryptography (VC) techniques used in the secure transfer of the thousands of images collected by the satellite which are stored in image library and sent to Google for use on Google Earth and Google maps. The related work is based on the recovering of secret image using a binary logo which is used to represent the ownership of the host image which generate shadows by visual cryptography algorithms. An error correction-coding scheme is also used to create the appropriate shadow. The logo extracted from the half-toned host image identifies the cheating types. Furthermore, the logo recovers the reconstructed image when shadow is being cheated using an image self-verification scheme based on the Rehash technique which rehash the halftone logo for effective self verification of the reconstructed secret image without the need for the trusted third party(TTP).

John Blesswin

Papers

Recovering secret image in Visual Cryptography

A self recovery approach using halftone images for medical imagery system

A novel approach for satellite imagery storage by classifying the non-duplicate regions

A novel approach for medical imagery storage by classifying the dissimilar regions

Effective recovery technique for halftone images in Visual Cryptography