John E. Gerich

TL;DR: Systematically titrating bedtime basal insulin added to oral therapy can safely achieve 7% HbA(1c) in a majority of overweight patients with type 2 diabetes, thus reducing a leading barrier to initiating insulin.

TL;DR: Metformin acts primarily by decreasing hepatic glucose output, largely by inhibiting gluconeogenesis, and also seems to induce weight loss, preferentially involving adipose tissue.

TL;DR: Liraglutide combined with metformin and a thiazolidinedione is a well-tolerated combination therapy for type 2 diabetes, providing significant improvements in glycemic control and C-peptide and homeostasis model assessment of β-cell function.

TL;DR: The above dose-response relationships indicate that in man glucose production is more sensitive to changes in plasma insulin concentration than is glucose utilization; both hepatic and peripheral tissues may contain "spare" insulin receptors; and relatively minor changes in Plasma insulin concentration or insulin receptor function can cause appreciable alterations in glucose metabolism.

TL;DR: Impaired glucose tolerance, the precursor of NIDDM, results primarily from reduced suppression of hepatic glucose output due to abnormal pancreatic islet-cell function.