One dimensional man

The World is Flat: A Brief History of the Twenty-First Century Thomas L. Friedman Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2005 Thomas Friedman is a widely-acclaimed journalist, foreign affairs columnist for the New York Times, and author of four best-selling books that include From Beirut to Jerusalem (1989). His eminence as a journalist is clearly demonstrated in the way he prepared for The World is Flat. He traveled throughout the world, interviewing in depth the political and business leaders who have the most direct, hands-on knowledge of the truly incredible developments occurring in the business structures and technology of globalization. Only a journalist who moves freely at the highest levels could interview the likes of Sir John Rose, the chief executive of Rolls-Royce; Nobuyuki Idei, the chairman of Sony; Richard Koo, the chief economist for the Nomura Research Institute; Bill Gates of Microsoft; Wee Theng Tan, the president of Intel China; David Baltimore, president of Caltech; Howard Schultz, founder and chairman of Starbucks; Nandan Nilekani, CEO of Infosys in Bangalore - and many others, each of whom gave him the inside story of how, specifically, the barriers of time and space separating economies, workforces, sources of capital, and technical abilities are crumbling. The result of this unfolding story, already far along but with much farther to go, according to Friedman, is that "the world is flat." With some notable exceptions in sub-Saharan Africa and the Islamic swathe, everything is connected with everything else on a horizontal basis, with distance and erstwhile time-lags no longer mattering. Friedman describes in detail the galloping globalization that has unfolded in even so limited a time as the past five years. Under the impetus of a worldwide network of interconnectivity, the world economy is much-changed from what it was at the turn of the century a mere half-decade ago. Friedman quotes the CEO of India's Infosys: "What happened over the last [few] years is that there was a massive investment in technology, especially in the bubble era, when hundreds of millions of dollars were invested in putting broadband connectivity around the world, undersea cables," while (Friedman paraphrases him) "computers became cheaper and dispersed all over the world, and there was an explosion of software - e-mail, search engines like Google, and proprietary software that can chop up any piece of work and send one part to Boston, one part to Bangalore, and one part to Beijing...." Microprocessors today have 410 million transistors compared to the 2800 they had in 1971. And now, "wireless is what will allow you to take everything that has been digitized, made virtual and personal, and do it from anywhere." The effect on productivity is revolutionary: "It now takes Boeing eleven days to build a 737, down from twenty-eight days just a few years ago. Boeing will build the next generation of planes in three days, because all the parts are computer-designed for assembly." The most strikingly informative aspect of this book, however, is not about technology. Most especially, Friedman explores the rapidly evolving global business systems, each constantly regenerating itself to keep ahead of the others. These are systems that span the continents seeking the lowest-cost providers of everything from expert scientific and engineering work to the lowliest grunt work. Friedman points out that India produces 70,000 accounting graduates each year - and that they are willing to start at $100 a month. It is no wonder that Boeing employs 800 Russian scientists and engineers for passenger-plane design when "a U.S. aeronautical engineer costs $120 per design hour, a Russian costs about one-third of that." Friedman describes a call center in India where outbound callers sell "everything from credit cards to phone minutes," while operators taking inbound calls do "everything from tracing lost luggage for U.S. and European airline passengers to solving computer problems for confused American consumers. …

The World Is Flat: A Brief History of the Twenty-First Century

Business Cycles: A Theoretical, Historical, and Statistical Analysis of the Capitalist Process.

(1975). The Limits of Organization. Journal of Economic Issues: Vol. 9, No. 3, pp. 543-544.

The Limits of Organization

The History of Economic Analysis

Contents: 1. Introduction 2. The Core of Post Keynesian Economics 3. What Post Keynesian Economics is Not 4. Some Methodological Issues 5. Post Keynesian Microeconomics 6. Economic Growth, Development and the World Economy 7. Why it all Matters: Economic Policy 8. A Case Study: The Global Financial Crisis 9. Post Keynesians and Other Schools of Thought 10. Some Final Questions Index

Advanced Introduction to Post Keynesian Economics

Marx has never been very influential among Western economists, but the collapse of all types of socialist movements has reinforced the belief that Marx is irrelevant for economic analysis. At the same time, some heterodox economists have claimed that neoclassical theory is sufficiently flexible to provide a foundation for post‐Keynesians, institutionalists, evolutionary and feminist economists. We argue that both conclusions are incorrect and that Marx's treatment of agents' choices and constraints, and of systemic cooperation and conflict, is far superior to that of orthodoxy in several crucial respects and can provide a better grounding for non‐neoclassical analyses.

Where Marx was right: towards a more secure foundation for heterodox economics

Utopian or Scientific? A Reconsideration of the Ricardian Socialists

Introduction PART 1: HISTORICAL MATERIALISM: A THEORY OF ECONOMIC SYSTEMS A General Theory of Economic Systems A Theory of Capitalist Economic Systems PART 2: THEORISTS OF MODERN CAPITALISM ON THE DECLINE OF THE MARKET Marx and the Marxists on the Decline of the Market Neoclassicals, Keynesians and Heterodox Economists on the Decline of the Market PART 3: NEOLIBERALISM AND MODERN CAPITALISM Market Elimination in Modern Capitlism: Where the Theorists were Right The Return of the Market: Where They All Went Wrong PART 4: THE RISE AND DECLINE OF NEOLIBERALISM IN ADVANCED CAPITALISM Why Was Neoliberalism Delayed? What Might Reverse Neoliberalism?

The Rise of Neoliberalism in Advanced Capitalist Economies: A Materialist Analysis

This book documents the history of economic discourse in Australia and New Zealand from the early days of European settlement. Many of the early economists were immigrants (William Hearn, Charles Pearson, Catherine Spence, David Syme).

John E. King

Papers

Advanced Introduction to Post Keynesian Economics

Where Marx was right: towards a more secure foundation for heterodox economics

Utopian or Scientific? A Reconsideration of the Ricardian Socialists

The Rise of Neoliberalism in Advanced Capitalist Economies: A Materialist Analysis

A biographical dictionary of Australian and New Zealand economists