A display apparatus includes an image processor which processes an image to display an image content; a display unit which displays thereon an image content that is processed by the image processor; and a controller which displays a user interface (UI) menu including a plurality of UI items to search the image content, as one of a two-dimensional (2D) layout by which the plurality of UI items are arranged in a 2D manner, and a three-dimensional (3D) layout by which the plurality of UI items are arranged in a 3D manner , and changes displaying the one of the layouts to display the other of the layouts according to a user's command while maintaining a continuity of the arrangement of the plurality of UI items. Accordingly, search for an image content can be efficiently performed by using a UI menu.

Display apparatus and control method thereof

An electro-optical element capable of efficiently increasing a beam deflection and consisting of a simple structure, the element comprising an electro-optical crystal (11) having an electro-optical effect, an electrode pair consisting of an anode (12) and a cathode (13) to generate an electric field within the electro-optical crystal, and a power supply for applying a voltage between the electrode pair so as to generate spatial charge within the electro-optical crystal. The above arrangement can provide a large deflection angle, that is quick in time-wise change and cannot be realized with a conventional electro-optical crystal prism, using a simple structure at a low applied voltage.

Electro-optical element

An electroluminescent (EL) display includes segmented low resistance transparent electrodes comprising a transparent material at each pixel site and a conductive assist structure between each pixel site in electrical contact with the adjacent transparent segments to form the segment low resistance transparent electrode. Each segmented electrode uses the higher resistance transparent material only at pixel sites, and the conductive low resistance assist structure between pixel sites to connect the transparent segments and provide a continuous electrode structure. The segmented electrode structure of the present invention provides an EL display which can be driven faster due to the decreased electrode resistance.

High brightness thin film electroluminescent display with low OHM electrodes

A focusing plate comprising two base plates, a liquid crystal layer held between the two base plates, and an electrode pattern which is formed on each of the two base plates for the purpose of rotating the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer by applying an electrical field to the liquid crystal layer; the electrode pattern being so formed that, when the electrical field is applied, the liquid crystal molecules are rotated by the leakage electrical fields from the electrode pattern to form a phase-type diffraction grating in the liquid crystal layer.

Focusing plate having phase grating formed by using liquid crystal

A dot-matrix display apparatus comprising a display panel and two integrated circuits. The panel has a number of column electrodes extending vertically and parallel to one another, and a number of row electrodes extending horizontally and parallel to one another. Two TAB films are secured to the upper and lower edges of the panel. The integrated circuits are mounted on these TAB films, respectively. The first integrated circuit distributes odd-numbered ones of pixel data items simultaneously to the odd-numbered column electrodes, whereas the second integrated circuit distributes the even-numbered pixel data simultaneously to the even-numbered column electrodes. Either integrated circuit has an interface circuit and a control circuit, which cooperate to select the odd-numbered pixel data items or the even-numbered pixel data items. The pixel data items, thus selected, are stored into a RAM, and are supplied to the column electrodes, when necessary.

Dot-matrix display apparatus

An article of manufacture, such as an electrically actuable light gate structure, includes a substrate which may comprise an electrooptically active solid-state light gate material. Spaced parallel electrodes are subdivided on that substrate into first and second electrode arrays alternating along an elongate region of the substrate. Individual terminals for the electrodes in each first electrode array are distributed along a line on one side of the elongate region, and individual terminals for the electrodes in each second electrode array are distributed along a line on the opposite side of the elongate region of the substrate. Any individual terminal of any one of the electrodes is spaced from the individual terminal of any other electrode by a center-to-center distance greater than the center-to-center spacing between that one electrode and the latter other electrode.

John H. Jacobs

Papers

Electrode structures and electrooptic light gate systems