Synthetic organic chemistry using pillared, cation-exchanged and acid-treated montmorillonite catalysts — A review

Apparatus and methods are provided for converting methane in a feed stream to acetylene. A hydrocarbon stream is introduced into a supersonic reactor and pyrolyzed to convert at least a portion of the methane to acetylene. The reactor effluent stream may be treated to convert acetylene to another hydrocarbon process.

Methane conversion apparatus and process using a supersonic flow reactor

A process for the preparatiion of an amine which comprises reacting a primary or secondary alcohol and a nitrogen compound selected from the group consisting of ammonia and primary and secondary amines, at temperatures of from 80° to 250° C and pressures of from 1 to 400 bar using hydrogen in the presence of a zirconium/copper/nickel catalyst, wherein the catalytically active material contains from 20 to 85 wt % of oxygen-containing zirconium compounds, calculated as ZrO 2 , from 1 to 30 wt % of oxygen-containing compounds of copper, calculated as CuO, from 30 to 70 wt % of oxygen-containing compounds of nickel, calculated as NiO, from 01 to 5 wt % of oxygen-containing compounds of molybdenum, calculated as MoO 3 and from 0 to 10 wt % of oxygen-containing compounds of aluminum and/or manganese, calculated as Al 2 O 3 or MnO 2 , respectively

Preparation of amines

Amines are produced by reacting at elevated temperature a first reactant which is either an alcohol, an aldehyde or a ketone with a second reactant which is either ammonia, a primary or secondary amine or a nitrile in the presence as catalyst of a composition comprising (i) nickel, (ii) ruthenium, and (iii) at least one other transition metal selected from either the second or third row transition metals, for example palladium, rhenium or iridium.

Process for the production of amines

Amines are prepared by reacting aldehydes or ketones at elevated temperature under elevated pressure with nitrogen compounds selected from the group of ammonia, primary and secondary amines, and with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst, wherein the catalytically active mass of the catalyst contains, after its preparation and before the treatment with hydrogen, 22 to 45% by weight of oxygen-containing compounds of zirconium, calculated as ZrO 2 , 1 to 30% by weight of oxygen-containing compounds of copper, calculated as CuO, 5 to 50% by weight of oxygen-containing compounds of nickel, calculated as NiO, where the molar ratio of nickel to copper is greater than 1, 5 to 50% by weight of oxygen-containing compounds of cobalt, calculated as CoO, 0 to 5% by weight of oxygen-containing compounds of molybdenum, calculated as MoO 3 , and 0 to 10% by weight of oxygen-containing compounds of aluminum and/or manganese, calculated as Al 2 O 3 or MnO 2 .

Process for preparing amines

Vapor phase catalytic production of an amine by the reaction of a mixture comprising an olefin having from 2 to 8 carbon atoms and ammonia or ammonia type compound. The formation of polymers is prevented by applying a temperature ranging from 200° to 500°C, a pressure of from 300 to 6.000 psig and an ALUMINO SILICATE, e.g. a zeolite catalyst.

Catalytic amination process for the production of amines

This invention relates to an improvement in the vapor phase catalytic production of an amine by the reaction of a mixture comprising an olefin having from 2 to 8 carbon atoms and ammonia or ammonia type compound. The improvement which provides for high selectivity to the amine resides in the use of an alumino silicate as the catalyst.

Amines via the amination of olefins

The vapor phase catalytic prodn. of an amine by the reaction of a C2-8 olefin with NH3 or an amine was improved to get high selectivity for the amine product by(2) employing a temp. and pressure sufficient to form the amine product, but insufficient to polymerize the olefin; and (b) employing cryst. aluminosilicate as a catalyst. Thus, amination of ethylene with NH3 (386oC, 3000 Psig, 3000 GHSV, NH3/ethylene mol ratio 2.3) over catalyst SK-500 (Pelleted La exchanged zeolity Y) to give 13.2% conversion and 79% selectivity to EtNH2. Cyclothexylamine was similarly prepd. from cyclohexene.

John O. H. Peterson

Papers

Catalytic amination process for the production of amines

Amines via the amination of olefins

Process for the preparation of amine by amination of olefin