This memorandum describes RTP, the real-time transport protocol. RTP provides end-to-end network transport functions suitable for applications transmitting real-time data, such as audio, video or simulation data, over multicast or unicast network services. RTP does not address resource reservation and does not guarantee quality-of-service for real-time services. The data transport is augmented by a control protocol (RTCP) to allow monitoring of the data delivery in a manner scalable to large multicast networks, and to provide minimal control and identification functionality. RTP and RTCP are designed to be independent of the underlying transport and network layers. The protocol supports the use of RTP-level translators and mixers.

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RTP: A Transport Protocol for Real-Time Applications

This document describes Session Initiation Protocol (SIP), an application-layer control (signaling) protocol for creating, modifying, and terminating sessions with one or more participants. These sessions include Internet telephone calls, multimedia distribution, and multimedia conferences.

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SIP: Session Initiation Protocol

In today’s chaotic network, data and services are mobile and replicated widely for availability, durability, and locality. Components within this infrastructure interact in rich and complex ways, greatly stressing traditional approaches to name service and routing. This paper explores an alternative to traditional approaches called Tapestry. Tapestry is an overlay location and routing infrastructure that provides location-independent routing of messages directly to the closest copy of an object or service using only point-to-point links and without centralized resources. The routing and directory information within this infrastructure is purely soft state and easily repaired. Tapestry is self-administering, faulttolerant, and resilient under load. This paper presents the architecture and algorithms of Tapestry and explores their advantages through a number of experiments.

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Tapestry: An Infrastructure for Fault-tolerant Wide-area Location and Routing

Grid technologies enable large-scale sharing of resources within formal or informal consortia of individuals and/or institutions: what are sometimes called virtual organizations. In these settings, the discovery, characterization, and monitoring of resources, services, and computations are challenging problems due to the considerable diversity; large numbers, dynamic behavior, and geographical distribution of the entities in which a user might be interested. Consequently, information services are a vital part of any Grid software infrastructure, providing fundamental mechanisms for discovery and monitoring, and hence for planning and adapting application behavior. We present an information services architecture that addresses performance, security, scalability, and robustness requirements. Our architecture defines simple low-level enquiry and registration protocols that make it easy to incorporate individual entities into various information structures, such as aggregate directories that support a variety of different query languages and discovery strategies. These protocols can also be combined with other Grid protocols to construct additional higher-level services and capabilities such as brokering, monitoring, fault detection, and troubleshooting. Our architecture has been implemented as MDS-2, which forms part of the Globus Grid toolkit and has been widely deployed and applied.

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Grid information services for distributed resource sharing

The Internet has evolved greatly from its original incarnation. For instance, the vast majority of current Internet usage is data retrieval and service access, whereas the architecture was designed around host-to-host applications such as telnet and ftp. Moreover, the original Internet was a purely transparent carrier of packets, but now the various network stakeholders use middleboxes to improve security and accelerate applications. To adapt to these changes, we propose the Data-Oriented Network Architecture (DONA), which involves a clean-slate redesign of Internet naming and name resolution.

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A data-oriented (and beyond) network architecture

Domains may have policies in place that impact the way sessions are
established by user agents. Some of these policies are independent of
a specific session and need to be considered for a certain period of
time. It is therefore desirable to convey these policies to user
agents once they become active instead of requesting them for every
session. In this document, we propose a framework that enables user
agents to subscribe to session policies.

A Framework for Session-Independent Intermediary Session Policies in SIP

Verfahren für Dienstlokalisierung in einem verteilten Grossraum-Netz

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Leistungsverbesserung einer Vektorquantisierung

Internet telephony was first used as a simple way to provide point-to-point voice transport between two IP hosts. However, the growing interest in providing integrated voice, data, and video services has caused its scope to be expanded. Internet telephony now encom asses a range of services, including not only traditional conferencing, call contror multimedia, and mobility services, but also new ones that integrate Web, e-mail, presence, and instant messagin a plications with telephony. Internet telephony and traditional circuit-switcheJtePephony will coexist for quite some time, requiring interworking between the two. In this article we present a suite of protocols, developed in the IETF, which provide a partial solution to this complex problem.

Jonathan Rosenberg

Papers

A Framework for Session-Independent Intermediary Session Policies in SIP

Verfahren für Dienstlokalisierung in einem verteilten Grossraum-Netz

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Leistungsverbesserung einer Vektorquantisierung

I he It It Internet lelephony Architecture and Protocols

Globale Ratenregelung für einen modellunterstützten Videokodierer