PurposeTo systematically review articles reporting on depression, anxiety, and burnout among U.S. and Canadian medical students.MethodMedline and PubMed were searched to identify peer-reviewed English-language studies published between January 1980 and May 2005 reporting on depression, anxie

http://www.medical-mastermind-community.com/uploads/63-Systematic_Review_of_Depression_Anxiety_and.9.pdf

Systematic review of depression, anxiety, and other indicators of psychological distress among U.S. and Canadian medical students.

https://www.asian-nursingresearch.com/article/S1976-1317(12)00052-7/pdf

Review of the Psychometric Evidence of the Perceived Stress Scale

Psychometric properties of the Beck Depression Inventory-II: a comprehensive review

One of the most consistent findings in the epidemiology of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is the higher risk of this disorder in women. Explanations reviewed within a psychobiological model of PTSD suggest that women's higher PTSD risk may be due to the type of trauma they experience, their younger age at the time of trauma exposure, their stronger perceptions of threat and loss of control, higher levels of peri-traumatic dissociation, insufficient social support resources, and greater use of alcohol to manage trauma-related symptoms like intrusive memories and dissociation, as well as gender-specific acute psychobiological reactions to trauma. This review demonstrates the need for additional research of the gender differences in posttraumatic stress. Recommendations are made for clinical practice.

Gender differences in posttraumatic stress disorder.

The Duke University Religion Index (DUREL): A Five-Item Measure for Use in Epidemological Studies

Because of increased stress conditions in college students, updated psychometrics of the Perceived Stress Scale, 10-item version (PSS-10; S. Cohen & G. Williamson, 1988) are necessary. Participants were 281 undergraduates at 3 public universities. An exploratory factor analysis revealed a 2-factor structure measuring Perceived Helplessness and Perceived Self-Efficacy. Normative results, internal consistencies, and construct validity were supported. The current findings reveal that the PSS-10 is a reliable and valid instrument for assessment of perceived stress in college students.

Further Psychometric Support for the 10‐Item Version of the Perceived Stress Scale

We examined the psychometric properties of the Beck Depression Inventory-Second Edition (BDI-II) [Beck et al., 1996, San Antonio: The Psychological Corporation]. Four hundred fourteen undergraduate students at two public universities participated. A confirmatory factor analysis supported the BDI-II two-factor structure measuring cognitive-affective and somatic depressive symptoms. In addition, the internal consistency was high and the concurrent validity of the BDI-II was supported by positive correlations with self-report measures of depression and anxiety. These findings replicate prior research supporting the validity and reliability of the BDI-II in a college sample.

Factor structure, concurrent validity, and internal consistency of the Beck Depression Inventory-Second Edition in a sample of college students.

This study evaluated the psychometric properties of the Children's Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (CY-BOCS). A total of 61 children and adolescents, aged 4-18 years, who were diagnosed with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) participated. Thirty-seven of these children also participated in a second CY-BOCS administration by the same rater an average of 41 days later. Good internal consistency and test-retest reliability were found for the CY-BOCS Obsession and Compulsion Severity Scores and the Total Score. CY-BOCS scores demonstrated strong correlations with clinician-rated measures of impairment, obsessions, and compulsions. In addition, CY-BOCS scores were moderately related to measures of depression, aggressive behavior, and symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, but were not significantly related to clinician ratings of tics or self-reports of general anxiety. Findings suggest that the CY-BOCS is a reliable and valid instrument for the assessment of childhood obsessions and compulsions.

Psychometric evaluation of the Children's Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale.

To investigate the reliability and validity of the Yale Global Tic Severity Scale (YGTSS), 28 youth aged 6 to 17 years with Tourette's syndrome (TS) participated in the study. Data included clinician reports of tics and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) severity, parent reports of tics, internalizing and externalizing problems, and child reports of depression and anxiety. All children participated in a 2nd YGTSS administration by the same rater 48 days later. Good internal consistency and stability were found for the YGTSS scores. YGTSS scores demonstrated strong correlations with parent-rated tic severity (r = .58-.68). YGTSS scores were not significantly related to measures of clinician ratings of OCD severity (r = .01-.15), parent ratings of externalizing and internalizing behavior (r = -.07-.20), and child ratings of depression (r = .02-.26) and anxiety (r = -.06 -.28). Findings suggest that the YGTSS is a reliable and valid instrument for the assessment of pediatric TS.

Jonathan W. Roberti

Papers

Further Psychometric Support for the 10‐Item Version of the Perceived Stress Scale

Factor structure, concurrent validity, and internal consistency of the Beck Depression Inventory-Second Edition in a sample of college students.

Psychometric evaluation of the Children's Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale.

Reliability and validity of the Yale Global Tic Severity Scale.

Self-Reported Psychopathology in Athletes: A Comparison of Intercollegiate Student-Athletes and Non-Athletes