Due to the stochastic nature of wind, electric power generated by wind turbines is highly erratic and may affect both the power quality and the planning of power systems. Energy Storage Systems (ESSs) may play an important role in wind power applications by controlling wind power plant output and providing ancillary services to the power system and therefore, enabling an increased penetration of wind power in the system. This article deals with the review of several energy storage technologies for wind power applications. The main objectives of the article are the introduction of the operating principles, as well as the presentation of the main characteristics of energy storage technologies suitable for stationary applications, and the definition and discussion of potential ESS applications in wind power, according to an extensive literature review.

A review of energy storage technologies for wind power applications

Energy storage systems (ESSs) are enabling technologies for well-established and new applications such as power peak shaving, electric vehicles, integration of renewable energies, etc. This paper presents a review of ESSs for transport and grid applications, covering several aspects as the storage technology, the main applications, and the power converters used to operate some of the energy storage technologies. Special attention is given to the different applications, providing a deep description of the system and addressing the most suitable storage technology. The main objective of this paper is to introduce the subject and to give an updated reference to nonspecialist, academic, and engineers in the field of power electronics.

Energy Storage Systems for Transport and Grid Applications

https://www.lef.wiwi.uni-due.de/fileadmin/fileupload/BWL-LEF/Seminarreihe/RWeron14_Essen.pdf

Electricity price forecasting: A review of the state-of-the-art with a look into the future

A variety of methods and ideas have been tried for electricity price forecasting (EPF) over the last 15 years, with varying degrees of success. This review article aims at explaining the complexity of available solutions, their strengths and weaknesses, and the opportunities and treats that the forecasting tools offer or that may be encountered. The paper also looks ahead and speculates on the directions EPF will or should take in the next decade or so. In particular, it postulates the need for objective comparative EPF studies involving (i) the same datasets, (ii) the same robust error evaluation procedures and (iii) statistical testing of the significance of the outperformance of one model by another.

Energy storage for mitigating the variability of renewable electricity sources: An updated review

This report describes the research conducted on permanent deformation of asphalt concrete mixes as part of the Strategic Highway Research Program (SHRP) Asphalt Research Program. Divided into three sections, the report addresses the following: the development of a series of accelerated performance tests to measure the permanent deformation response and a constitutive relationship to define it; validation of the binder properties included in the SHRP binder specification; and the use of the test methodology in an asphalt concrete mix design and analysis system.

Permanent deformation response of asphalt aggregate mixes

This report evaluates information on the permanent deformation characteristics of asphalt-aggregate mixtures, with an emphasis on laboratory test techniques for measuring mixture resistance to permanent deformation, and on methods for prediction of permanent deformation (rutting) in the upper asphalt bound layers of pavements. Factors influencing the amount of rutting are summarized. The laboratory test methds associated with the predictive methodologies that are evaluated include: unaixial and creep tests; uniaxial and triaxial and repeated load test; triaxial dynamic tests; diametral tests, creep and repeated load tests; hollow cylinder tests, combined axial and torsional loading; simple shear tests, unconfined and confined; and wheel-track tests. From these evaluations, specific test methodologies are ranked in order of preference.

Summary report on permanent deformation in asphalt concrete

Thermodynamic analysis of a gas turbine engine with a rotating detonation combustor

Four-point bending fatigue tests following the Strategic Highway Research Program (SHRP) M009 test protocol were executed to investigate to what extent gradation has an effect on fatigue performance of asphalt aggregate mixes. Gradations and mixes were selected that would satisfy all volumetric Superpave designs passing below the restricted zone. Other mixes were prepared with gradations passing through and above the restricted zone. The measured fatigue lives of 130 actual laboratory tests were compared with predictions by the Shell, Asphalt Institute, and SHRP-A003A fatigue-predictive equations.

Effect of Aggregate Gradation on Fatigue Life of Asphalt Concrete Mixes

The development and use of a nonlinear elastic, viscous with damage model are discussed. The model is proposed as a constitutive relation for asphalt concrete mixes to permit prediction of permanent deformation. The model is intended to capture the macrobehavior of mixes, including (a) the dilatancy observed when the mix is subjected to shear strains, (b) the increase of effective shear modulus under increased hydrostatic pressure, (c) the significant variation of behavior with changes in temperature and rates of loading, and (d) the residual accumulation of permanent deformation under repetitive loading. This model has been developed as part of the Strategic Highway Research Program A-003A efforts to characterize the permanent deformation characteristics of asphalt-aggregate mixes. A new series of tests proposed for the determination of the material properties is presented; modeled and observed responses from a simple validation test are compared; and the use of the model to predict permanent deformation response in an asphalt concrete pavement section is illustrated.

Jorge B. Sousa

Papers

Permanent deformation response of asphalt aggregate mixes

Summary report on permanent deformation in asphalt concrete

Thermodynamic analysis of a gas turbine engine with a rotating detonation combustor

Effect of Aggregate Gradation on Fatigue Life of Asphalt Concrete Mixes

Nonlinear elastic viscous with damage model to predict permanent deformation of asphalt concrete mixes